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arXiv 0802.3225cond-mat.stat-mech
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有限温度下边界和密度不均匀性对玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体涡旋物质态的影响

Effects of boundaries and density inhomogeneity on states of vortex matter in Bose--Einstein condensates at finite temperature

S. Kragset, E. Babaev, A. Sudbo

摘要:

大多数关于量子涡旋的文献在有限温度下预测量子流体中三维涡旋物质的各种状态是基于扩展和均匀系统的假设。众所周知,在实际的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中,情况并非如此,而这种凝聚体是具有非均匀密度的有限系统。这就提出了一个问题,在多大程度上可以谈论这些系统中涡旋物质(涡旋晶格,液体和无张力涡旋缠结)的不同聚集态。为了解决这一问题,在目前的工作中,我们集中在有限尺寸,边界和密度不均匀性对热涡旋物质的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的影响。为此,我们进行蒙特卡罗模拟的模型系统描述被困玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体。在整个文件中,我们借鉴的类比与扩展系统获得的涡旋物质的结果。这项工作表明,系统的有限性和内在的不均匀性,尽管如此,人们仍然可以近似地调用在某些长度尺度上实现的涡旋物质的不同聚集态的概念。这可能是有帮助的,特别是在寻找可能的新状态的漩涡物质在玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体与多个组件和不同的对称性。

英文摘要:

Most of the literature on quantum vortices predicting various states of vortex matter in three dimensions at finite temperatures in quantum fluids is based on an assumption of an extended and homogeneous system. It is well known not to be the case in actual Bose--Einstein condensates in traps which are finite systems with nonuniform density. This raises the question to what extent one can speak of different aggregate states of vortex matter (vortex lattices, liquids and tensionless vortex tangle) in these system. To address this point, in the present work we focus on the finite-size, boundaries and density inhomogeneity effects on thermal vortex matter in a Bose--Einstein condensate. To this end we perform Monte Carlo simulations on a model system describing trapped Bose--Einstein condensates. Throughout the paper, we draw on analogies with results for vortex matter obtained for extended systems. This work suggests that finiteness and intrinsic inhomogeneity of the system not withstanding, one nonetheless can approximately invoke the notion of distinct aggregate states of vortex matter realized at certain length scales. This might be helpful, in particular in search of possible new states of vortex matter in Bose--Einstein condensates with multiple components and different symmetries.

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