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PG1535 +547的X射线光谱变化:“软X射线弱”AGN的变化

X-ray spectral variability in PG1535+547: the changing-look of a 'soft X-ray weak' AGN

L. Ballo, M. Giustini, N. Schartel, M. Cappi, E. Jimenez-Bailon, E. Piconcelli, M. Santos-Lleo, C. Vignali

摘要:

PG 1535 +547是一个明亮的NLS 1星系,其高能辐射在形状和流量上表现出强烈的变化。ROSAT数据将其归类为软X射线弱类星体(其X射线与光通量之比小于典型类星体的天体):其X射线光谱的特点往往是高度电离、复杂的吸收体和(或)盘的反射,其相对重要性目前仍有争议。在这两种情况下,这些特征的存在意味着我们正在寻找位于活动星系核最内部区域的物质。本文旨在阐明PG 1535 +547的X射线发射的本质,并对发射源区域的物理性质进行约束。我们提出了新的XMM观测结果,从中我们获得了2个光谱,间隔约1周,我们与以前的XMM观测结果进行了比较。这些数据支持X射线发射的复杂性和可变性。宽带通量在3年内增加约2.3倍,然后在1周左右减少约1.3倍。在新的EPIC光谱中,在E<3keV处的强吸收特征和在Fe线能量范围内的复杂光谱形状是明显的,并且在较高能量下发射下降。我们描述所有的状态,假设一个温暖的吸收剂加上相对论模糊的电离反射,或两相温暖的吸收剂部分覆盖的源加上散射组件。这种变化归因于温暖的吸收体,它们在年和天的时间尺度上改变它们的物理性质。在反射场景中,所有的状态都需要高比例的反射。相对于较恒定的光辐射,X射线波段的强变化意味着PG 1535 +547实际上不能被归类为软X射线弱活动星系核。

英文摘要:

PG1535+547 is a bright NLS1 galaxy, whose high energy emission shows strong variability in shape and flux. ROSAT data classified it as soft X-ray weak QSO (objects whose X-ray-to-optical flux ratio is smaller than in typical QSO): their X-ray spectra are often characterized by highly ionized, complex absorbers and/or reflection from the disk, whose relative importance is currently debated. In both cases, the presence of such features implies that we are looking at matter located in the innermost regions of the AGN. In this paper we want to clarify the nature of the X-ray emission of PG1535+547, and constrain the physical properties of regions where the emission originates. We present new XMM observations, from which we obtained 2 spectra separated by about 1 week, that we compare with a previous XMM observation. The data support the complex and variable nature of the X-ray emission. The broad band flux increases by a factor ~2.3 in 3 years, and then decreases by a factor ~1.3 in about 1 week. In the new EPIC spectra strong absorption features at E<3keV and a complex spectral shape in the Fe line energy range are evident, coupled with a drop in the emission at higher energies. We describe all the states assuming either a warm absorber plus a relativistically blurred ionized reflection, or a two-phase warm absorber partially covering the source plus a scattered component. The variability is ascribed to the warm absorbers, that vary their physical properties on timescales of years and days. In the reflection scenario all the states require a high fraction of reflection. The strong variability in the X-ray band opposed to a more constant optical emission implies that PG1535+547 can not actually be classified as a soft X-ray weak AGN.

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