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arXiv 0802.2764astro-ph
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高能中性原子对HD 209458 b周围高速氢的解释

Energetic neutral atoms as the explanation for the high velocity hydrogen around HD 209458b

M. Holmström, A. Ekenbäck, F. Selsis, T. Penz, H. Lammer, P. Wurz

摘要:

在太阳系外行星HD 209458 b凌日期间观测到的恒星莱曼- $α$(Ly- $α$)线的吸收表明,在距离行星很远的地方有高速的氢原子。这被解释为氢原子从行星的外逸层逃逸,可能经历流体动力学吹离,被恒星辐射压力加速。然而,在太阳系行星周围,已经观察到太阳风质子和来自外太空的中性氢之间的电荷交换产生高能中性原子,太阳系外行星也应该发生这种情况。在这里,我们表明,测得的过境相关的Ly- $α$吸收可以解释的HD 209458 b的散逸层和恒星风之间的相互作用,辐射压力单独不能解释的观察。这是首次在太阳系外观察到高能中性原子。由于恒星风质子是观测到的高能中性原子的来源,这提供了一种探测恒星风条件的全新方法,我们的模型表明在观测时HD 209458 b附近存在缓慢而炎热的恒星风。

英文摘要:

Absorption in the stellar Lyman-$α$ (Ly-$α$) line observed during the transit of the extrasolar planet HD 209458b reveals high velocity atomic hydrogen at great distances from the planet. This has been interpreted as hydrogen atoms escaping from the exosphere of the planet, possibly undergoing hydrodynamic blow-off, being accelerated by stellar radiation pressure. However, around solar system planets the production of energetic neutral atoms from charge exchange between solar wind protons and neutral hydrogen from the exospheres has been observed, and should also occur at extrasolar planets. Here we show that the measured transit-associated Ly-$α$ absorption can be explained by the interaction between the exosphere of HD 209458b and the stellar wind, and that radiation pressure alone cannot explain the observation. This is the first observation of energetic neutral atoms outside the solar system. Since the stellar wind protons are the source of the observed energetic neutral atoms, this provides a completely new method of probing stellar wind conditions, and our model suggests a slow and hot stellar wind near HD 209458b at the time of the observation.

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