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arXiv 0802.2717astro-ph
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射电强星系核中黑洞周围致密氢原子的21 cm吸收

21cm Absorption by Compact Hydrogen Disks Around Black Holes in Radio-Loud Nuclei of Galaxies

Abraham Loeb

摘要:

在某些星系核中观测到的彗发脉泽盘,标志着为中心黑洞提供燃料的吸积盘的外围,并提供了核恒星形成的潜在场所。不幸的是,大多数的气体在微波激射盘目前没有被探测;大的微波激射增益有利于路径的特点是一个小的速度梯度,并需要罕见的边缘上的磁盘取向。在这里,我们提出了一种方法来映射原子氢原子的分布在核盘通过其21厘米的吸收对无线电连续辉光周围的中央黑洞。在NGC 4258中,21 cm的光学深度可能接近1,用于热展宽为主的相干团块的高角分辨率(VLBI)成像,并且具有从X射线吸收数据推断的柱密度,约为10^{23}/cm ^2。将21厘米的吸收分布在窄射电喷流前方物质的整个旋转速度宽度上,得到的平均光学深度约为0.1。在其他星系中对21厘米吸收特征的光谱搜索可以用来识别大量的倾斜气体盘,这些盘不是朝着我们的方向激射。对这些圆盘内加速团块的21厘米轮廓的后续成像可以反过来用于测量宇宙学距离。

英文摘要:

The clumpy maser disks observed in some galactic nuclei mark the outskirts of the accretion disk that fuels the central black hole and provide a potential site of nuclear star formation. Unfortunately, most of the gas in maser disks is currently not being probed; large maser gains favor paths that are characterized by a small velocity gradient and require rare edge-on orientations of the disk. Here we propose a method for mapping the atomic hydrogen distribution in nuclear disks through its 21cm absorption against the radio continuum glow around the central black hole. In NGC 4258, the 21cm optical depth may approach unity for high angular-resolution (VLBI) imaging of coherent clumps which are dominated by thermal broadening and have the column density inferred from X-ray absorption data, ~10^{23}/cm^2. Spreading the 21cm absorption over the full rotation velocity width of the material in front of the narrow radio jets gives a mean optical depth of ~0.1. Spectroscopic searches for the 21cm absorption feature in other galaxies can be used to identify the large population of inclined gaseous disks which are not masing in our direction. Follow-up imaging of 21cm silhouettes of accelerating clumps within these disks can in turn be used to measure cosmological distances.

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