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arXiv 0802.2401math-phmath.MP
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为两个人建造的自行车:薛定谔场的伽利略和U(1)规范不变性

A Bicycle Built for Two: The Galilean and U(1) Gauge Invariance of the Schrödinger Field

V. Colussi, S. Wickramasekara

摘要:

本文研究了非相对论量子粒子的定域U(1)规范对称性所伴随的力的性质。为了保证局域U(1)对称下的不变性,物质场必须耦合到规范场。我们证明了这样的规范场必然满足麦克斯韦方程组,无论耦合到它的物质场是相对论的还是非相对论的。这一结果表明,麦克斯韦方程组的结构是由规范对称性决定的,而不是时空的对称变换性质。为了评估这一概念的有效性,我们检查的伽利略变换下的耦合物质和规范场的变换特性。我们的主要技术结果是U(1)规范场的完整运动方程的伽利略不变性。

英文摘要:

This paper undertakes a study of the nature of the force associated with the local U (1) gauge symmetry of a non-relativistic quantum particle. To ensure invariance under local U (1) symmetry, a matter field must couple to a gauge field. We show that such a gauge field necessarily satisfies the Maxwell equations, whether the matter field coupled to it is relativistic or non-relativistic. This result suggests that the structure of the Maxwell equations is determined by gauge symmetry rather than the symmetry transformation properties of space-time. In order to assess the validity of this notion, we examine the transformation properties of the coupled matter and gauge fields under Galilean transformations. Our main technical result is the Galilean invariance of the full equations of motion of the U (1) gauge field.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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