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arXiv 0802.2302astro-ph
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活动星系的射电响度与黑洞演化

Radio-loudness of Active Galaxies and the Black Hole Evolution

M. Sikora, L. Stawarz, J. -P. Lasota

摘要:

活动星系核在射电响度-爱丁顿比平面上形成两个不同的序列。“上层”序列包含射电选择活动星系核,“下层”序列主要由光学选择活动星系核组成。序列标志着两个不同的人口的活动星系核,分别由椭圆和盘星系的射电响度的上限。这两个序列显示了相同的依赖性的爱丁顿比(增加减少爱丁顿比),这表明,另一个参数,除了吸积率必须发挥作用,在活动星系核的喷流生产的效率确定的无线电响度。我们推测,这个额外的参数是黑洞的自旋,假设在巨大的椭圆星系中的黑洞有(平均)比盘星系中的黑洞大得多的自旋。可能的进化方案导致这样的自旋二分法进行了讨论。与星系形态相关的射电二分法在高吸积率下瓦解,在那里,由巨型椭圆星系承载的发光类星体的主要部分是射电宁静的。这表明,在大多数情况下,在高吸积率的强大喷流的生产被抑制,并在类比的X射线双星系统(XRB)在高和非常高的状态,可能是间歇性的。假设只有在两种不同的吸积模式中的一种模式中,来自中央发动机的流出物才被充分准直以形成相对论性喷流,那么这种不稳定性可能是由两种不同的吸积模式之间的切换引起的。

英文摘要:

Active galactic nuclei (AGNs) form two distinct sequences on the radio-loudness -- Eddington-ratio plane. The `upper' sequence contains radio selected AGNs, the `lower' sequence is composed mainly of optically selected AGNs. The sequences mark the upper bounds for the radio-loudness of two distinct populations of AGNs, hosted respectively by elliptical and disk galaxies. Both sequences show the same dependence of the radio-loudness on the Eddington ratio (an increase with decreasing Eddington ratio), which suggests that another parameter in addition to the accretion rate must play a role in determining the efficiency of jet production in AGNs. We speculate that this additional parameter is the spin of the black hole, assuming that black holes in giant elliptical galaxies have (on average) much larger spins than black holes in disc galaxies. Possible evolutionary scenarios leading to such a spin dichotomy are discussed. The galaxy-morphology related radio-dichotomy breaks down at high accretion rates where the dominant fraction of luminous quasars being hosted by giant ellipticals is radio quiet. This indicates that the production of powerful jets at high accretion rates is in most cases suppressed and, in analogy to X-ray binary systems (XRB) during high and very high states, may be intermittent. Such intermittency can be caused by switches between two different accretion modes, assuming that only during one of them an outflow from the central engine is sufficiently collimated to form a relativistic jet.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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