包装在球形病毒内的RNA基因组的径向分布
Radial distribution of RNA genome packaged inside spherical viruses
摘要：
研究了RNA基因组包装在球形病毒内的问题。病毒衣壳被建模为中空的球体。RNA分子与病毒内部衣壳之间的吸引被认为是非特异性的，并且仅发生在内部衣壳表面。对于小的衣壳吸引，发现RNA分子的单体浓度在衣壳中心最大，以最大化其构型熵。对于更强的衣壳吸引力，RNA浓度在衣壳附近的某个距离处达到峰值。在后一种情况下，RNA二级结构的分支与其对内衣壳的吸附之间的竞争导致在衣壳表面附近形成致密的RNA层。层厚度是衣壳内径的缓慢变化（对数）函数。因此，对于RNA-衣壳相互作用的直接强度，包装在病毒内的RNA的量与衣壳{ \em面积}（或蛋白质的数量）而不是其体积成比例。数值曲线合理地描述了实验观察到的各种病毒的RNA核苷酸浓度曲线。
英文摘要：
The problem of RNA genomes packaged inside spherical viruses is studied. The viral capsid is modeled as a hollowed sphere. The attraction between RNA molecules and the inner viral capsid is assumed to be non-specific and occurs at the inner capsid surface only. For small capsid attraction, it is found that monomer concentration of RNA molecules is maximum at the center of the capsid to maximize their configurational entropy. For stronger capsid attraction, RNA concentration peaks at some distance near the capsid. In the latter case, the competition between the branching of RNA secondary struture and its adsorption to the inner capsid results in the formation of a dense layer of RNA near capsid surface. The layer thickness is a slowly varying (logarithmic) function of the capsid inner radius. Consequently, for immediate strength of RNA-capsid interaction, the amount of RNA packaged inside a virus is proportional to the capsid {\em area} (or the number of proteins) instead of its volume. The numerical profiles describe reasonably well the experimentally observed RNA nucleotide concentration profiles of various viruses.
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