非对称电解质双电层理论中电荷分布的接触条件
On the contact conditions for the charge profile in the theory of the electrical double layer for nonsymmetrical electrolytes
摘要：
非对称电解质的电荷分布的接触值被呈现为三个贡献的总和。其中之一是麦克斯韦静电应力张量的法向分量。第二种是表面静电性质，定义为电势梯度与离子密度分布函数乘积的积分。第三项是体积贡献，其定义为阴离子和阳离子的电荷与分压的乘积之和。对于不带电的表面，只有最后两个存在，并且在尺寸不对称的情况下具有相同的符号。在电荷不对称的情况下，电荷分布的接触值是体项和表面项竞争的结果，其中体项占主导地位。利用密度剖面和电荷剖面的接触定理，得到了共离子和反离子剖面接触值的精确表达式，并讨论了有关性质。
英文摘要：
The contact value of the charge profile for nonsymmetrical electrolytes is presented as the sum of three contributions. One of them is the normal component of the Maxwell electrostatic stress tensor. The second one is the surface electrostatic property defined as the integral of the product of the gradient of the electrical potential and the density distribution function of coions. The third term is the bulk contribution defined by the sum for anions and for cations of the product of their charge and their partial pressure. For noncharged surfaces only the last two are present and have the same sign in the case of size asymmetry. In the case of charge asymmetry the contact value of the charge profile is the result of the competitions of bulk and surface terms in which the bulk term is dominant. Using both the contact theorems for the density and the charge profiles, the exact expressions for the contact values of the profiles of coions and counterions are obtained and some related properties are discussed.
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