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arXiv 0802.1278astro-ph
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关于X射线双星变率功率向软谱态衰减的性质。Cyg X-1案例研究

On the nature of the variability power decay towards soft spectral states in X-ray binaries. Case study in Cyg X-1

Lev Titarchuk, Nikolai Shaposhnikov

摘要:

从低/硬和中等光谱状态的黑洞X射线双星观测到的傅立叶功率密度谱(PDS)的一个特征是宽带限噪声,其特征在于低于某个频率("中断“频率)的常数和高于该频率的幂律。已经表明,这种类型的可变性可以产生的向内扩散的本地驱动扰动在一个有界的配置(吸积盘或日冕)。在这个模型的框架中,扰动扩散时间t_0与唯象的破裂频率有关,而在"破裂“之上的PDS幂律斜率由构型上的粘度分布决定。微扰扩散方案解释了在一些致密源(包括黑洞和中子星)中观测到的X射线变率功率在这些源从低/硬态到高/软态演化过程中的衰减。我们将模型预测与罗西X射线时间探测器(RXTE)收集的Cyg X-1数据子集进行比较。我们对天鹅座X-1 PDS的广泛分析表明,观测到的积分功率P_x近似地随驱动振荡特征频率v_{dr}的平方根而减小。天鹅座X-1的RXTE观测使我们能够推断出P_{dr}和t_0作为ν_{dr}的函数。利用驱动振荡的积分功率P_{dr}和t_0对ν_{dr}的依赖关系,我们证明了由模型预测的功率也以P_{x,diff}与ν_{dr}^{-0.5}成比例衰减,这与观察到的P_{x}行为相似。

英文摘要:

A characteristic feature of the Fourier Power Density Spectrum (PDS) observed from black hole X-ray binaries in low/hard and intermediate spectral states is a broad band-limited noise, characterized by a constant below some frequency (a ``break'' frequency) and a power law above this frequency. It has been shown that the variability of this type can be produced by the inward diffusion of the local driving perturbations in a bounded configuration (accretion disk or corona). In the framework of this model, the perturbation diffusion time t_0 is related to the phenomenological break frequency, while the PDS power-law slope above the ``break'' is determined by the viscosity distribution over the configuration. he perturbation diffusion scenario explains the decay of the power of X-ray variability observed in a number of compact sources (containing black hole and neutron star) during an evolution of theses sources from low/hard to high/soft states. We compare the model predictions with the subset of data from Cyg X-1 collected by the Rossi X-ray Time Explorer (RXTE). Our extensive analysis of the Cyg X-1 PDSs demonstrates that the observed integrated power P_x decreases approximately as a square root of the characteristic frequency of the driving oscillations ν_{dr}. The RXTE observations of Cyg X-1 allow us to infer P_{dr} and t_0 as a function of ν_{dr}. Using the inferred dependences of the integrated power of the driving oscillations P_{dr} and t_0 on ν_{dr} we demonstrate that the power predicted by the model also decays as P_{x,diff} proportional to ν_{dr}^{-0.5} that is similar to the observed P_{x} behavior.

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