一项关于虚无的调查：监测一百万颗超级巨星的失败超新星
A Survey About Nothing: Monitoring a Million Supergiants for Failed Supernovae
摘要：
历史上，河外瞬变搜索仅限于寻找新来源的出现，如超新星。现在有可能进行一种新的调查，它将起到相反的作用，即寻找大质量恒星的消失。这将需要对10 Mpc距离内的星系进行系统观测，以观察~10^6个超巨星。达到这个临界值，就可以确保每年都会发生一些事情，因为这些大质量恒星必须在大约10^6年内以核心坍缩结束生命。使用深度成像和图像减法，有可能确定这些恒星的命运，无论它们是以爆炸（超新星）还是呜咽（消失）结束。这样的调查将对所有核心坍缩的总速率设置全新的限制，这对于确定超新星模型的有效性至关重要。它还将确定超新星祖先的性质，更好地表征人们知之甚少的光学瞬变，如船底座等质量喷射，发现和表征大量造父变星，明亮的蓝色变星和食双星，并允许发现居住在这个相对未开发的参数空间中的任何新现象。
英文摘要：
Extragalactic transient searches have historically been limited to looking for the appearance of new sources such as supernovae. It is now possible to carry out a new kind of survey that will do the opposite, that is, search for the disappearance of massive stars. This will entail the systematic observation of galaxies within a distance of 10 Mpc in order to watch ~10^6 supergiants. Reaching this critical number ensures that something will occur yearly, since these massive stars must end their lives with a core collapse within ~10^6 years. Using deep imaging and image subtraction it is possible to determine the fates of these stars whether they end with a bang (supernova) or a whimper (fall out of sight). Such a survey would place completely new limits on the total rate of all core collapses, which is critical for determining the validity of supernova models. It would also determine the properties of supernova progenitors, better characterize poorly understood optical transients, such as eta Carina-like mass ejections, find and characterize large numbers of Cepheids, luminous blue variables and eclipsing binaries, and allow the discovery of any new phenomena that inhabit this relatively unexplored parameter space.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
