论惯性和惯性质量的电磁起源
On the electromagnetic origin of inertia and inertial mass
摘要：
通过对扩展带电粒子运动的分析，讨论了物质的惯性性质问题。我们的方法是基于动量的连续性方程（牛顿第二定律），同时适当考虑矢量势及其对流导数。我们得到一个发展方面的延迟潜力，允许其主要条款的直观的物理解释。然后用一种与扩展带电粒子自身矢势有关的感应定律讨论了物质的惯性性质。此外，还得到了一个力项，该力项表示当带电粒子相对于其自身的矢量势场线运动时作用在带电粒子上的拖曳力。粒子矢势随时间变化的速率导致加速度惯性反作用力，相当于辐射场源的肖特项。我们还表明，粒子的矢量势的速度依赖项与质量随速度的相对论性增加，并产生纵向应力，这是电场线变形的来源。在经典电动力学的框架下，我们证明了电子质量可能有一个完整的电磁起源，得到的协变方程解决了球形电荷分布的“4/3质量佯谬”。
英文摘要：
We address the problem of inertial property of matter through analysis of the motion of an extended charged particle. Our approach is based on the continuity equation for momentum (Newton's second law) taking due account of the vector potential and its convective derivative. We obtain a development in terms of retarded potentials allowing an intuitive physical interpretation of its main terms. The inertial property of matter is then discussed in terms of a kind of induction law related to the extended charged particle's own vector potential. Moreover, it is obtained a force term that represents a drag force acting on the charged particle when in motion relatively to its own vector potential field lines. The time rate of variation of the particle's vector potential leads to the acceleration inertia reaction force, equivalent to the Schott term responsible for the source of the radiation field. We also show that the velocity dependent term of the particle's vector potential is connected with the relativistic increase of mass with velocity and generates a longitudinal stress force that is the source of electric field lines deformation. In the framework of classical electrodynamics, we have shown that the electron mass has possibly a complete electromagnetic origin and the obtained covariant equation solves the "4/3 mass paradox" for a spherical charge distribution.
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