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arXiv 0801.4776astro-ph
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超发光红外线镓中的硅酸盐

Silicates in Ultra-Luminous Infrared Galaxies

M. M. Sirocky, N. A. Levenson, M. Elitzur, H. W. W. Spoon, L. Armus

摘要:

利用斯皮策空间望远镜的红外光谱仪对超亮红外星系的中红外光谱进行了分析。尘埃排放占主导地位的中红外光谱的ULIRGs,和后处理的辐射出现的是独立的底层加热光谱。相反,所产生的排放敏感地依赖于尘埃的几何分布,我们诊断与比较的辐射转移的数值模拟。量化的硅酸盐发射和吸收功能,出现在10和18微米附近需要一个可靠的测定的连续,我们证明,包括测量的连续在中间波长(功能之间)产生准确的结果在所有的光学深度。通过高质量的光谱,我们成功地使用硅酸盐特征来约束尘埃化学。ULIRG和当地视线的观测需要具有相对较高的硅酸盐特征的18/10 μ m吸收率(约0.5)的尘埃。具体来说,Ossenkopf等人(1992)的冷尘模型与观测结果一致,而其他尘埃模型则不一致。我们使用硅酸盐的功能强度,以确定两个家庭的ULIRGs,其中的灰尘分布是根本不同的。光谱分类与这些家族有关。在具有活动星系核的超亮星系群中,只有当核周围环境是混沌的时,才能探测到宽谱线。与此相反,低电离光谱的来源深深地嵌入在光学厚尘埃的平滑分布。

英文摘要:

We analyze the mid-infrared (MIR) spectra of ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) observed with the Spitzer Space Telescope's Infrared Spectrograph. Dust emission dominates the MIR spectra of ULIRGs, and the reprocessed radiation that emerges is independent of the underlying heating spectrum. Instead, the resulting emission depends sensitively on the geometric distribution of the dust, which we diagnose with comparisons of numerical simulations of radiative transfer. Quantifying the silicate emission and absorption features that appear near 10 and 18um requires a reliable determination of the continuum, and we demonstrate that including a measurement of the continuum at intermediate wavelength (between the features) produces accurate results at all optical depths. With high-quality spectra, we successfully use the silicate features to constrain the dust chemistry. The observations of the ULIRGs and local sightlines require dust that has a relatively high 18/10um absorption ratio of the silicate features (around 0.5). Specifically, the cold dust of Ossenkopf et al. (1992) is consistent with the observations, while other dust models are not. We use the silicate feature strengths to identify two families of ULIRGs, in which the dust distributions are fundamentally different. Optical spectral classifications are related to these families. In ULIRGs that harbor an active galactic nucleus, the spectrally broad lines are detected only when the nuclear surroundings are clumpy. In contrast, the sources of lower ionization optical spectra are deeply embedded in smooth distributions of optically thick dust.

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