$^{234}U$低能fission的初级和最终碎片质量与动能分布关系的蒙特卡罗模拟
Monte Carlo Simulation to relate primary and final fragments mass and kinetic energy distribution from low energy fission of $^{234}U$
摘要：
由Belhafaf等人用Lohengrin光谱仪测量的动能分布作为来自$^{234}U$的低能裂变的最终碎片的质量（m）的函数，在m=108附近呈现峰值，在m = 122附近呈现另一峰值。作者将第一个峰值归因于相应质量数周围大量中子的蒸发;第二个峰值归因于初级碎片动能的分布。然而，Faust等人进行的与一次分布相关的理论计算并未在m = 122附近产生峰值。为了澄清这一明显的争议，我们进行了一个数值实验，在实验中计算了最后碎片的质量和动能，假设初始动能分布在作为碎片质量函数的标准差上没有峰值。结果，我们在m = 109附近获得了动能分布的标准偏差的明显峰值，从m = 121到m = 129的耗尽，以及在m = 122附近的小峰值，其不如Belhafaf等人测量的大。我们的模拟还再现了最终质量产率的实验结果，作为临时质量的函数的发射中子的平均数（根据互补碎片的最终动能的值计算）和作为最终质量的函数的碎片动能的平均值。
英文摘要：
The kinetic energy distribution as a function of mass of final fragments (m) from low energy fission of $^{234}U$, measured with the Lohengrin spectrometer by Belhafaf et al. presents a peak around m=108 and another around m = 122. The authors attribute the first peak to the evaporation of a large number of neutrons around the corresponding mass number; and the second peak to the distribution of the primary fragment kinetic energy. Nevertheless, the theoretical calculations related to primary distribution made by Faust et al. do not result in a peak around m = 122. In order to clarify this apparent controversy, we have made a numerical experiment in which the masses and the kinetic energy of final fragments are calculated, assuming an initial distribution of the kinetic energy without peaks on the standard deviation as function of fragment mass. As a result we obtain a pronounced peak on the standard deviation of the kinetic energy distribution around m = 109, a depletion from m = 121 to m = 129, and an small peak around m = 122, which is not as big as the measured by Belhafaf et al. Our simulation also reproduces the experimental results on the yield of the final mass, the average number of emitted neutrons as a function of the provisional mass (calculated from the values of the final kinetic energy of the complementary fragments) and the average value of fragment kinetic energy as a function of the final mass.
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