热致密核物质中的声波和孤子
Sound waves and solitons in hot and dense nuclear matter
摘要：
假设核物质可以看作是一种理想流体，我们研究了扰动在重子密度中的传播。状态方程是从相对论平均场模型推导出来的，它是非线性Walecka模型的一个变体。相对论流体力学的欧拉方程和连续性方程在平衡位形附近的展开导致了密度波动的微分方程。我们解决他们的线性和球形微扰数值，并遵循初始脉冲的时间演化。对于线性微扰，我们发现单孤子的解决方案和解决方案，一个或多个孤子随后辐射。取决于状态方程，可能发生强阻尼。球面扰动是强阻尼的，几乎不传播。我们研究这些方程也在有限温度下的物质。最后，我们考虑冲击波形成的极限情况。
英文摘要：
Assuming that nuclear matter can be treated as a perfect fluid, we study the propagation of perturbations in the baryon density. The equation of state is derived from a relativistic mean field model, which is a variant of the non-linear Walecka model. The expansion of the Euler and continuity equations of relativistic hydrodynamics around equilibrium configurations leads to differential equations for the density fluctuations. We solve them numerically for linear and spherical perturbations and follow the time evolution of the initial pulses. For linear perturbations we find single soliton solutions and solutions with one or more solitons followed by radiation. Depending on the equation of state a strong damping may occur. Spherical perturbations are strongly damped and almost do not propagate. We study these equations also for matter at finite temperature. Finally we consider the limiting case of shock wave formation.
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