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arXiv 0801.3646astro-ph
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湍流原行星盘中固体粒子的运动学

Kinematics of solid particles in a turbulent protoplanetary disc

Augusto Carballido, James M. Stone, Neal J. Turner

摘要:

本文对原行星盘剪切盒模型中固体粒子的运动进行了数值模拟。由于磁旋转不稳定性的作用,吸积流是湍流的。颗粒上的空气动力学阻力使用爱泼斯坦定律建模,其中气体速度内插到颗粒位置。对不同停止时间t_s或等效地不同尺寸的固体,磁流体动力学湍流对颗粒速度弥散的影响被量化。湍流的各向异性反映在粒子速度分量的色散上,对于大于~ 10 cm的粒子,径向分量大于方位角分量和垂直分量(假设最小质量太阳星云条件为5 AU)。粒子速度大小的分散,以及径向和方位角分量,作为停止时间的函数,同意与以前的分析结果各向同性湍流。具有相同t_s值的颗粒对之间的相对速度随着分离度的减小而衰减得比具有不同停止时间的固体的情况更快。颗粒数密度的相关性导致了10至100 cm尺寸范围内固体的不均匀空间分布。任何一团粒子在不到十分之一的轨道周期内就会被湍流破坏,而最大浓度的粒子团是稳定的,不会发生自引力坍缩。

英文摘要:

We perform numerical simulations of solid particle motion in a shearing box model of a protoplanetary disc. The accretion flow is turbulent due to the action of the magnetorotational instability. Aerodynamic drag on the particles is modelled using the Epstein law with the gas velocity interpolated to the particle position. The effect of the magnetohydrodynamic turbulence on particle velocity dispersions is quantified for solids of different stopping times t_s, or equivalently, different sizes. The anisotropy of the turbulence is reflected upon the dispersions of the particle velocity components, with the radial component larger than both the azimuthal and vertical components for particles larger than ~ 10 cm (assuming minimum-mass solar nebula conditions at 5 AU). The dispersion of the particle velocity magnitude, as well as that of the radial and azimuthal components, as functions of stopping time, agree with previous analytical results for isotropic turbulence. The relative speed between pairs of particles with the same value of t_s decays faster with decreasing separation than in the case of solids with different stopping time. Correlations in the particle number density introduce a non-uniform spatial distribution of solids in the 10 to 100 cm size range. Any clump of particles is disrupted by the turbulence in less than one tenth on an orbital period, and the maximally concentrated clumps are stable against self-gravitational collapse.

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