绘制棕矮星沙漠海岸地图I.：上天蝎
Mapping the Shores of the Brown Dwarf Desert I.: Upper Scorpius
摘要：
我们目前的调查结果的恒星和亚恒星的同伴82年轻恒星在附近的OB协会上天蝎座。这项调查使用非冗余的孔径掩模干涉测量，以实现在衍射极限的DeltaK~5-6的典型的对比度限制，揭示了12个新的二进制同伴，低于传统的高分辨率成像的检测限，我们还总结了一个补充的快照成像调查，发现7个直接解决的同伴。双星伴星的总频率（在6-435天文单位的距离上约为35+5/-4%）似乎与类似质量的场星相当，但伴星在低质量恒星中可能比场星更常见。同伴的质量函数有统计上的显着差异相比，几个建议的质量函数的字段，我们建议一个替代的对数正态参数化的质量函数。我们的调查范围涵盖了整个褐矮星质量范围，但我们只检测到一个可能是褐矮星的伴星;这种缺陷类似于径向速度行星搜索所观察到的所谓的“褐矮星沙漠”。最后，我们的调查的深度探测极限延伸到行星质量函数的顶部，达到8-12兆焦耳的一半，我们的样本。我们还没有在高置信度（>99.5%）下发现任何行星伴星，但我们已经在较低置信度（>97.5%）下发现了四个候选伴星，这些伴星值得进一步跟进以证实或反驳它们的存在。
英文摘要：
We present the results of a survey for stellar and substellar companions to 82 young stars in the nearby OB association Upper Scorpius. This survey used nonredundant aperture-mask interferometry to achieve typical contrast limits of DeltaK~5-6 at the diffraction limit, revealing 12 new binary companions that lay below the detection limits of traditional high-resolution imaging; we also summarize a complementary snapshot imaging survey that discovered 7 directly resolved companions. The overall frequency of binary companions (~35+5/-4% at separations of 6-435 AU) appears to be equivalent to field stars of similar mass, but companions could be more common among lower-mass stars than for the field. The companion mass function has statistically significant differences compared to several suggested mass functions for the field, and we suggest an alternate log-normal parameterization of the mass-function. Our survey limits encompass the entire brown dwarf mass range, but we only detected a single companion that might be a brown dwarf; this deficit resembles the so-called ``brown dwarf desert'' that has been observed by radial-velocity planet searches. Finally, our survey's deep detection limits extend into the top of the planetary mass function, reaching 8-12 MJup for half of our sample. We have not identified any planetary companions at high confidence (>99.5%), but we have identified four candidate companions at lower confidence (>97.5%) that merit additional followup to confirm or disprove their existence.
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