舞蹈的天空：在Cerro Paranal的6年夜空观测
The Dancing Sky: 6 years of night sky observations at Cerro Paranal
摘要：
目前的工作提供了在ESO帕拉纳尔（智利）系统的夜空监测的头六年的运作的结果。UBVRI的夜空亮度是根据大约10，000张VLT-FORS 1存档图像估计的，这些图像是在650多个不同的夜晚获得的，分布在6年内，涵盖了太阳黑子周期n.23从最大值到最小值的下降。此外，还提取和分析了一组约1,000个低分辨率的光学夜空光谱。本文讨论的前所未有的数据库，导致检测到一个明确的季节性变化的宽频带夜空亮度的VRI通带，类似于众所周知的半年振荡的NaI D双峰。光谱数据表明，这种季节性是共同的所有光谱特征，与OH旋转振动带显着的例外。在所有通带中检测到对太阳活动的明显依赖性，并且在U波段中特别明显，其中天空亮度从太阳活动周期n.23的最大值到最小值降低了约0.6 mag arcsec-2。没有发现太阳活动与NaI D双峰和OH带的强度之间的相关性。本文首次报道了NI 5200 A与[OI]6300、6364 A的强度之间的强相关性。本文还讨论了与太阳活动的相关时标的确定以及与太阳发射的带电粒子通量的可能联系。
英文摘要：
The present work provides the results of the first six years of operation of the systematic night-sky monitoring at ESO-Paranal (Chile). The UBVRI night-sky brightness was estimated on about 10,000 VLT-FORS1 archival images, obtained on more than 650 separate nights, distributed over 6 years and covering the descent from maximum to minimum of sunspot cycle n.23. Additionally, a set of about 1,000 low resolution, optical night-sky spectra have been extracted and analyzed. The unprecedented database discussed in this paper has led to the detection of a clear seasonal variation of the broad band night sky brightness in the VRI passbands, similar to the well known semi-annual oscillation of the NaI D doublet. The spectroscopic data demonstrate that this seasonality is common to all spectral features, with the remarkable exception of the OH rotational-vibrational bands. A clear dependency on the solar activity is detected in all passbands and it is particularly pronounced in the U band, where the sky brightness decreased by about 0.6 mag arcsec-2 from maximum to minimum of solar cycle n.23. No correlation is found between solar activity and the intensity of the NaI D doublet and the OH bands. A strong correlation between the intensity of NI 5200A and [OI]6300,6364A is reported here for the first time. The paper addresses also the determination of the correlation timescales with solar activity and the possible connection with the flux of charged particles emitted by the Sun.
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