引力、暴胀和作为余辉的宇宙学常数
Degravitation, Inflation and the Cosmological Constant as an Afterglow
摘要：
在这份报告中，我们采用的唯象方法，认真考虑退化范式作为一个一致的修改重力在IR，并调查其后果的各种宇宙学的情况。我们激励degravitation-其中Netwon的常数被提升到一个尺度相关的过滤功能-所产生的引力子的小（共振）质量，或作为半经典引力的影响。在解决如何比安基身份是在这样一个设置得到满足后，我们把我们的注意力转向退化的宇宙学后果。通过考虑对应于共振质量引力子的示例滤波函数（滤波尺度大于当前视界尺度），我们证明了慢卷暴胀、混合暴胀和旧暴胀在数量上保持不变。我们还发现，退化机制继承了过去的能量密度在当前时代的记忆，在这样一种方式，可能是目前的宇宙学演化的重要意义。例如，如果宇宙在过去经历过暴胀，是因为它从某种假真空中隧穿出来，我们发现，退化意味着一个残余的“余辉”宇宙学常数，它的尺度紧接着被普朗克单位$Λ\sim l^2_{pl}/L^2$中的滤波尺度（$L$）参数化地抑制了。我们讨论的情况下，通过这种情况下合理地产生目前观察到的值为$Λ\sim O(10^{-120})$。我们还发现，在一个宇宙目前仍然被困在一些假真空状态，共振引力子模型的退化最初只degravitate普朗克或大统一理论尺度能量密度下降到目前观察到的值超过时间尺度的过滤器规模。
英文摘要：
In this report, we adopt the phenomenological approach of taking the degravitation paradigm seriously as a consistent modification of gravity in the IR, and investigate its consequences for various cosmological situations. We motivate degravitation-- where Netwon's constant is promoted to a scale dependent filter function-- as arising from either a small (resonant) mass for the graviton, or as an effect in semi-classical gravity. After addressing how the Bianchi identities are to be satisfied in such a set up, we turn our attention towards the cosmological consequences of degravitation. By considering the example filter function corresponding to a resonantly massive graviton (with a filter scale larger than the present horizon scale), we show that slow roll inflation, hybrid inflation and old inflation remain quantitatively unchanged. We also find that the degravitation mechanism inherits a memory of past energy densities in the present epoch in such a way that is likely significant for present cosmological evolution. For example, if the universe underwent inflation in the past due to it having tunneled out of some false vacuum, we find that degravitation implies a remnant `afterglow' cosmological constant, whose scale immediately afterwards is parametrically suppressed by the filter scale ($L$) in Planck units $Λ\sim l^2_{pl}/L^2$. We discuss circumstances through which this scenario reasonably yields the presently observed value for $Λ\sim O(10^{-120})$. We also find that in a universe still currently trapped in some false vacuum state, resonance graviton models of degravitation only degravitate initially Planck or GUT scale energy densities down to the presently observed value over timescales comparable to the filter scale.
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