原行星盘中的共振俘获。I.共面系统
Resonance Trapping in Protoplanetary Disks. I. Coplanar Systems
摘要：
平均运动共振（MMR）很可能在原恒星气盘的寿命期间和之后发挥重要作用。我们研究的动力学演化和稳定性的行星系统包含两个巨行星的圆轨道附近的2：1共振和更接近。我们发现，通过让外行星向内迁移，这两颗行星可以捕获到2：1，5：3或3：2的MMR中。我们对约1000个系统进行了直接的数值积分，在这些系统中，行星最初被锁定在其中一个共振中，并允许演化长达约10^7年。我们发现，最终成为不稳定的系统中的最终偏心率分布给出了一个很好的适合观察到的系外行星。接下来，我们整合了大约500个双行星系统，其中外部行星被驱动不断向内迁移，共振地捕获内部行星;系统不断进化，直到不稳定或行星到达恒星。我们发现，虽然5：3共振迅速变得不稳定的迁移，2：1和3：2是非常稳定的。因此，没有观测到共振比2：1更近的系外行星，如果它继续保持下去，可能是行星形成过程的原始特征。
英文摘要：
Mean-motion resonances (MMRs) are likely to play an important role both during and after the lifetime of a protostellar gas disk. We study the dynamical evolution and stability of planetary systems containing two giant planets on circular orbits near a 2:1 resonance and closer. We find that by having the outer planet migrate inward, the two planets can capture into either the 2:1, 5:3, or 3:2 MMR. We use direct numerical integrations of ~1000 systems in which the planets are initially locked into one of these resonances and allowed to evolve for up to ~10^7 yr. We find that the final eccentricity distribution in systems which ultimately become unstable gives a good fit to observed exoplanets. Next, we integrate ~500 two-planet systems in which the outer planet is driven to continuously migrate inward, resonantly capturing the inner; the systems are evolved until either instability sets in or the planets reach the star. We find that although the 5:3 resonance rapidly becomes unstable under migration, the 2:1 and 3:2 are very stable. Thus the lack of observed exoplanets in resonances closer than 2:1, if it continues to hold up, may be a primordial signature of the planet formation process.
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