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arXiv 0801.1643astro-ph
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白矮星超新星爆炸前沸腾过程中电子畸变的减少

The Reduction of the Electron Abundance during the Pre-explosion Simmering in White Dwarf Supernovae

David A. Chamulak, Edward F. Brown, F. X. Timmes, Kimberly Dupczak

摘要:

在Ia型超新星中的碳氧白矮星爆炸之前,有一个很长的“沸腾”过程,在此过程中,12 C +12 C反应在很长(~ 1000年)的时间尺度上逐渐加热白矮星。Piro和Bildsten表明,在这个沸腾过程中的弱反应在爆炸时设置了最大的电子丰度Ye。我们调查的核反应,在这一沸腾与一系列的自加热,在恒定压力下,反应网络计算。与AGB星不同,质子捕获到22 Ne和更重的痕量核上并不起重要作用。12 C丰度足够高,使得中子优先捕获到12 C上,而不是铁族核上。作为一种辅助的流体动力学模拟的沸腾阶段,我们提出了适合的加热率,电子捕获,平均原子质量的变化,和消费的12 C的筛选热平均截面12 C+。我们的净加热速率的评估包括从电子捕获到3.68兆电子伏的激发态的13 C的贡献。这导致每消耗12 C的能量释放比Piro和Bildsten发现的稍大,但比仅燃烧到20 Ne和23 Na的能量释放要少。我们比较我们的一个区域的结果更准确的积分的白矮星结构,以估计的12 C的量,必须消耗提高白矮星的温度,从而确定净减少叶在炖。

英文摘要:

Prior to the explosion of a carbon-oxygen white dwarf in a Type Ia supernova there is a long "simmering," during which the 12C + 12C reaction gradually heats the white dwarf on a long (~ 1000 yr) timescale. Piro & Bildsten showed that weak reactions during this simmering set a maximum electron abundance Ye at the time of the explosion. We investigate the nuclear reactions during this simmering with a series of self-heating, at constant pressure, reaction network calculations. Unlike in AGB stars, proton captures onto 22Ne and heavier trace nuclei do not play a significant role. The 12C abundance is sufficiently high that the neutrons preferentially capture onto 12C, rather than iron group nuclei. As an aid to hydrodynamical simulations of the simmering phase, we present fits to the rates of heating, electron capture, change in mean atomic mass, and consumption of 12C in terms of the screened thermally averaged cross section for 12C + 12C. Our evaluation of the net heating rate includes contributions from electron captures into the 3.68 MeV excited state of 13C. This results in a slightly larger energy release, per 12C consumed, than that found by Piro & Bildsten, but less than that released for a burn to only 20Ne and 23Na. We compare our one-zone results to more accurate integrations over the white dwarf structure to estimate the amount of 12C that must be consumed to raise the white dwarf temperature, and hence to determine the net reduction of Ye during simmering.

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