噪声相位自校数据成图中杂散源的产生
Spurious source generation in mapping from noisy phase-self-calibrated data
摘要：
相位自校准（或称自校准）是天文学中干涉测量数据校准中常用的一种算法。虽然这是一个强大的工具，但当应用于低信噪比的数据时，该算法存在很大的局限性。我们分析的文物，相位selfcal算法产生时，应用到非常嘈杂的数据。我们展示了如何相位selfcal可能会产生一个虚假的源在天空中的分布完全随机的vibrium。这个伪造的来源与真实的来源难以区分。本文用数值和解析的方法计算了自校准产生的最大杂散通量密度与干涉观测值之间的关系。最后，我们提出了两个简单的测试，可以应用到干涉数据检查是否源检测是真实的，或者是否源是相位自校准算法的工件。
英文摘要：
Phase self-calibration (or selfcal) is an algorithm often used in the calibration of interferometric observations in astronomy. Although a powerful tool, this algorithm presents strong limitations when applied to data with a low signal-to-noise ratio. We analyze the artifacts that the phase selfcal algorithm produces when applied to extremely noisy data. We show how the phase selfcal may generate a spurious source in the sky from a distribution of completely random visibilities. This spurious source is indistinguishable from a real one. We numerically and analytically compute the relationship between the maximum spurious flux density generated by selfcal from noise and the particulars of the interferometric observations. Finally, we present two simple tests that can be applied to interferometric data for checking whether a source detection is real or whether the source is an artifact of the phase self-calibration algorithm.
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