耦合谐振子的隧穿系统的电荷转移和相干动力学
Charge transfer and coherence dynamics of tunnelling system coupled to a harmonic oscillator
摘要：
本文研究了两点系统与振子相互作用的跃迁几率和相干性。这两种性质都取决于初始制备。振荡器是在热状态下制备的，即使它不能被认为是一个扩展浴，它也会产生退相干，因为动力学中涉及大量的状态。在振荡器初始位移的情况下，发生与振荡器模式纠缠的变化的相干动力学。然而，只要振荡器质量增加，相干性就会降低，从而产生越来越大的重相干时间。用精确对角化方法进行了计算，并与两种半经典近似进行了比较。量子效应的作用在长时间动力学中被突出，其中半经典方法引起耗散行为。此外，我们发现，必须考虑到的振荡器动力学，即使在半经典近似，为了重现热激活增强的跃迁概率。
英文摘要：
We study the transition probability and coherence of a two-site system, interacting with an oscillator. Both properties depend on the initial preparation. The oscillator is prepared in a thermal state and, even though it cannot be considered as an extended bath, it produces decoherence because of the large number of states involved in the dynamics. In the case in which the oscillator is intially displaced a coherent dynamics of change entangled with oscillator modes takes place. Coherency is however degraded as far as the oscillator mass increases producing a increasingly large recoherence time. Calculations are carried on by exact diagonalization and compared with two semiclassical approximations. The role of the quantum effects are highlighted in the long-time dynamics, where semiclassical approaches give rise to a dissipative behaviour. Moreover, we find that the oscillator dynamics has to be taken into account, even in a semiclassical approximation, in order to reproduce a thermally activated enhancement of the transition probability.
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