Design of a CZT Gamma-Camera for GRB and Fast Transient Follow-up: a Wide-Field-Monitor for the EDGE Mission
L. Natalucci, M. Feroci, E. Quadrini, P. Ubertini, L. Piro, J. W. den Herder, D. Barret, L. Amati, C. Budtz-Jorgensen, E. Caroli, S. Di Cosimo, M. Frutti, C. La… 展开作者
L. Natalucci, M. Feroci, E. Quadrini, P. Ubertini, L. Piro, J. W. den Herder, D. Barret, L. Amati, C. Budtz-Jorgensen, E. Caroli, S. Di Cosimo, M. Frutti, C. Labanti, F. Monzani, J. M. Poulsen, L. Nicolini, A. Stevoli
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9 pages, 7 figures, SPIE Conference on UV, X-ray, and Gamma-Ray Instrumentation for Astronomy, San Diego 26-30 August 2007
The success of the SWIFT/BAT and INTEGRAL missions has definitely opened a new window for follow-up and deep study of the transient gamma-ray sky. This now appears as the access key to important progresses in the area of cosmological research and deep understanding of the physics of compact objects. To detect in near real-time explosive events like Gamma-Ray bursts, thermonuclear flashes from Neutron Stars and other types of X-ray outbursts we have developed a concept for a wide-field gamma-ray coded mask instrument working in the range 8-200 keV, having a sensitivity of 0.4 ph cm-2 s-1 in 1s (15-150 keV) and arcmin location accuracy over a sky region as wide as 3sr. This scientific requirement can be achieved by means of two large area, high spatial resolution CZT detection planes made of arrays of relatively large (~1cm2) crystals, which are in turn read out as matrices of smaller pixels. To achieve such a wide Field-Of-View the two units can be placed at the sides of a S/C platform serving a payload with a complex of powerful X-ray instruments, as designed for the EDGE mission. The two units will be equipped with powerful signal read out system and data handling electronics, providing accurate on-board reconstruction of the source positions for fast, autonomous target acquisition by the X-ray telescopes.
Localizations of Thirteen Gamma-ray Bursts by the All-Sky Monitor on RXTE
罗西X射线定时探测器(RXTE)上的全天监视器(ASM)已经被用来定位十三个确认的X射线对应物,这些X射线对应物是在三年的运行中探测到的伽马射线暴(GRB)。我们量化的错误ASM本地化的短暂的瞬态源,通过使用观测的持久性源与众所周知的位置。我们应用这种分析的结果,以获得准确的误差框可靠的置信水平的13个伽玛暴。在这十三种情况中的六种情况下,ASM的多次检测允许位置定位到约15' x 3'的菱形。在另外五种情况下,行星际网络(IPN)限制了通常约3度。x 3'(全宽)ASM错误框到几十平方角分的区域。这项工作增加了11个突发本地化的列表中的~60个良好的本地化伽玛暴。
Design and Performance of the Wide-Field X-Ray Monitor on Board the High-Energy Transient Explorer 2
宽场X射线监测器(WXM)是2000年10月9日发射的高能瞬态探测器2号(HETE-2)卫星上携带的科学仪器之一。HETE-2是一项国际飞行任务,由一颗小型卫星组成,专门提供伽马射线暴的宽带观测和精确定位。这一任务的一个独特之处是,它能够通过爆发警报网络几乎实时地确定和传送伽马射线暴坐标。WXM由三个元件组成:四个相同的填充Xe的一维位置敏感正比计数器,两组一维编码孔径和主电子器件。WXM计数器在约1.5 sr的视场内对2 keV和25 keV之间的X射线敏感,总探测器面积约为350 cm $^2$。飞行中的触发和定位能力可以产生几到30弧分精度的实时伽玛射线暴位置,极限灵敏度为$10^{-7}$ erg cm $^{-2}$。在这份报告中,详细的机械结构,电子,机载软件,地面和飞行中的校准,并在飞行中的WXM性能进行了讨论。
GRB 060218 and the outliers with respect to the Ep-Eiso correlation
GRB 031203和GRB 980425是长暴Ep-Eiso相关的两个异常值。最近,斯威夫特发现了一个与SN事件有关的极长GRB 060218。这类爆发的光谱特征是惊人的:一方面,它的宽带SED既有热辐射分量,也有非热辐射分量,这两种辐射分量分别可以解释为伽玛暴喷流周围的热茧辐射和伽玛暴瞬发相的标准同步辐射自吸收辐射;另一方面,它的长持续时间和它的从硬到软的光谱演化使这个暗暴与长伽玛暴的Ep-Eiso关联一致。通过比较两个主要异常值的可用光谱信息,我们认为它们可能是060218的孪生子,因此,只是关于Ep_Eiso相关性的明显异常值。这种解释也表明,它是首要的重要性,研究伽玛暴的宽带光谱,以监测其光谱演化在其整个持续时间。
GRB optical and IR rapid follow-up with the 2 m Liverpool Robotic Telescope
利物浦望远镜由利物浦约翰摩尔斯大学拥有和运营,位于拉帕尔马的Roque de los Muchachos,是第一个2米,全仪器化的机器人望远镜。我们计划使用LT与伽马射线观测站(HETE-2,INTEGRAL,Swift)一起研究伽马射线暴物理。特殊的超控模式将使观测在伽玛射线暴警报后不到一分钟就开始,包括光学和近红外成像和光谱学。这些观测,加上通过余辉对爆发的系统监测,将有助于揭示瞬发光闪、短爆发、光学暗爆发、红移分布、GRB -超新星联系以及与GRB现象有关的其他问题的性质。特别是,孔径,仪器和快速自动响应的组合使得利物浦望远镜非常适合于光学暗爆发和目前光学未研究的短爆发的调查。