石英中的实验微缝合线和天然缝合线构造的模拟
Experimental microstylolites in quartz and modelling of natural stylolitic structures
摘要：
在350 ℃和50 MPa的差应力下，在二氧化硅水溶液存在下，在石英颗粒之间加载数周的应力接触处观察到了实验性的微柱。对SEM图像的立体分析产生了微探针表面的数字高程模型。傅立叶分析这些microstyleries揭示了自仿射粗糙度（粗糙度指数H为1.2）。再加上观察到的溶解坑和缝合线峰之间的密切相互作用，这些数据说明了缝合线形成的可能机制。缝合线表面复杂的几何形状是由优先位置（快速溶解坑）的溶解峰的发展和固-液-固界面的机械性能之间的相互作用造成的。简单的力学建模表达了可能统治微探针发展的关键竞争：（i）应力相关过程，根据弹簧的刚度建模，激活固体界面的异质溶解率，促进偏转。平行地，（ii）的固体界面的强度，在膜的刚度方面建模，相当于一个表面张力，限制了偏转和反对其发展。建模产生的缝合线表面的特征几何形状从圆锥形到柱状时，溶解速率的不均匀性和岩石的强度特性的影响被考虑在内。一个自仿射粗糙度指数（Hz1.2）上测得的建模表面与自然stylestrium在小的长度尺度和实验microstylestrium。
英文摘要：
Experimental microstylolites have been observed at stressed contacts between quartz grains loaded for several weeks in the presence of an aqueous silica solution, at 350 8C and 50 MPa of differential stress. Stereoscopic analysis of pairs of SEM images yielded a digital elevation model of the surface of the microstylolites. Fourier analyses of these microstylolites reveal a self-affine roughness (with a roughness exponent H of 1.2). Coupled with observations of close interactions between dissolution pits and stylolitic peaks, these data illustrate a possible mechanism for stylolite formation. The complex geometry of stylolite surfaces is imposed by the interplay between the development of dissolution peaks in preferential locations (fast dissolution pits) and the mechanical properties of the solid-fluid-solid interfaces. Simple mechanical modeling expresses the crucial competition that could rule the development of microstylolites: (i) a stress-related process, modeled in terms of the stiffness of springs that activate the heterogeneous dissolution rates of the solid interface, promotes the deflection. In parallel, (ii) the strength of the solid interface, modeled in terms of the stiffness of a membrane, is equivalent to a surface tension that limits the deflection and opposes its development. The modeling produces stylolitic surfaces with characteristic geometries varying from conical to columnar when both the effect of dissolution-rate heterogeneity and the strength properties of the rock are taken into account. A self-affine roughness exponent (Hz1.2) measured on modeled surfaces is comparable with natural stylolites at small length scale and experimental microstylolites.
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