反K介子凝聚在r模不稳定性中的作用
Role of antikaon condensation in r-mode instability
摘要：
研究了反K介子凝聚态对旋转中子星体粘滞系数的影响。我们用相对论场论模型建立了具有凝聚态的中子星的物态方程，其中假设从核子相到$K^-$凝聚相的相变是一级相变。我们计算了非轻子弱相互作用n --> p + K^-引起的体粘滞系数。研究了反K介子体粘滞系数对r模引力辐射反应驱动不稳定性的影响。我们比较我们的结果与以前研究的非轻子弱相互作用$n + p --> p + Λ$涉及超子的阻尼的r-模振荡。我们发现，由于非轻子弱过程涉及的凝聚体的体粘滞系数被抑制了几个数量级相比，非超流超子体粘滞系数。因此，反K介子的体粘滞系数可能不能抑制r模的不稳定性，而超子的体粘滞系数则能有效地抑制低温下的r模振荡。因此，核心含有$K^-$凝聚物的中子星可能是引力波的来源。
英文摘要：
We investigate the effect of antikaon condensed matter on bulk viscosity in rotating neutron stars. We use relativistic field theoretical models to construct the equation of state of neutron stars with the condensate, where the phase transition from nucleonic to $K^-$ condensed phase is assumed to be of first order. We calculate the coefficient of bulk viscosity due to the non-leptonic weak interaction n --> p + K^-. The influence of antikaon bulk viscosity on the gravitational radiation reaction driven instability in the r-modes is investigated. We compare our results with the previously studied non-leptonic weak interaction $n + p --> p + Λ$ involving hyperons on the damping of the r-mode oscillations. We find that the bulk viscosity coefficient due to the non-leptonic weak process involving the condensate is suppressed by several orders of magnitude in comparison with the non-superfluid hyperon bulk viscosity coefficient. Consequently, the antikaon bulk viscosity may not be able to damp the r-mode instability, while hyperon bulk viscosity can effectively suppress r-mode oscillations at low temperatures. Hence neutron stars containing $K^-$ condensate in their core could be possible sources of gravitational waves.
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