光晶格中囚禁离子的量子相位
Quantum Phases of Trapped Ions in an Optical Lattice
摘要：
我们建议将捕获的离子加载到由光晶格形成的微陷阱中。对于谐波微阱，相邻离子的空间运动的库仑耦合可以用来构建一个广泛的类的有效的短程哈密顿作用于离子的内部自由度。另一方面，对于大的非谐性，离子本身的空间运动表示具有受挫偶极XY相互作用的自旋1/2模型。我们用三个系统来说明后一种设置：线性链，锯齿形梯子和三角形晶格。在沮丧之字形阶梯偶极相互作用，我们发现手性订购超出了以前预测的下一个最近邻模型。在具有最近邻相互作用的受抑各向异性三角形晶格中，我们发现从一维无间隙自旋液相到二维螺旋有序相的转变通过有间隙的自旋液相，类似于对具有海森堡相互作用的相同模型的预测。此外，第二个带隙的自旋液相标志着向二维Neel有序相的过渡。
英文摘要：
We propose loading trapped ions into microtraps formed by an optical lattice. For harmonic microtraps, the Coulomb coupling of the spatial motions of neighboring ions can be used to construct a broad class of effective short-range Hamiltonians acting on an internal degree of freedom of the ions. For large anharmonicities, on the other hand, the spatial motion of the ions itself represents a spin-1/2 model with frustrated dipolar XY interactions. We illustrate the latter setup with three systems: the linear chain, the zig-zag ladder, and the triangular lattice. In the frustrated zig-zag ladder with dipolar interactions we find chiral ordering beyond what was predicted previously for a next-nearest-neighbor model. In the frustrated anisotropic triangular lattice with nearest-neighbor interactions we find that the transition from the one-dimensional gapless spin-liquid phase to the two-dimensional spiraling ordered phase passes through a gapped spin-liquid phase, similar to what has been predicted for the same model with Heisenberg interactions. Further, a second gapped spin-liquid phase marks the transition to the two-dimensional Neel-ordered phase.
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