结晶过程中枝晶的形成机制：冰晶的形成特征
Mechanisms of Dendrites Occurrence during Crystallization: Features of the Ice Crystals Formation
摘要：
结晶过程中枝晶的形成是一种非常普遍的现象，本文以去离子水中冰晶的生长为例，对枝晶的形成进行了详细的分析。表面上的中性水分子结合成定向偶极子的双电层（DEL）;其场重新定向接近偶极子，在150 kHz范围内可观察到无线电发射。定向偶极子的主要吸引力点的梯度，这个领域诱导枝晶生长，从他们，例如形成的特征形式的雪花在自由运动的集群通过饱和蒸汽在大气中。恒定的电场增强了DELs的电场强度，促进了枝晶的生长。所描述的现象应该出现在具有偶极分子的各种物质的结晶中，无线电发射的特征可以允许监测大气中和技术过程中的某些过程。没有恒定力矩的粒子的结晶可以通过另一种性质的DEL来刺激，其中粒子的虚拟力矩被吸引到场的梯度和相应的枝晶形成。
英文摘要：
Dendrites formation in the course of crystallization presents very general phenomenon, which is analyzed in details via the example of ice crystals growth in deionized water. Neutral molecules of water on the surface are combined into the double electric layer (DEL) of oriented dipoles; its field reorients approaching dipoles with observable radio-emission in the range of 150 kHz. The predominant attraction of oriented dipoles to points of gradients of this field induces dendrites growth from them, e.g. formation of characteristic form of snowflakes at free movement of clusters through saturated vapor in atmosphere. The constant electric field strengthens DELs' field and the growth of dendrites. Described phenomena should appear at crystallization of various substances with dipole molecules, features of radio-emission can allow the monitoring of certain processes in atmosphere and in technological processes. Crystallization of particles without constant moments can be stimulated by DELs of another nature with attraction of virtual moments of particles to gradients of fields and corresponding dendrites formation.
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