超声速玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体绕流中孤子的稳定性
Stabilization of Solitons Generated by a Supersonic Flow of Bose-Einstein Condensate Past an Obstacle
摘要：
研究了玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体超声速绕流障碍物产生的暗孤子的稳定性。结果表明，在与障碍物相连的参考系中，当流速达到某一临界值时，暗孤子的绝对不稳定性将转变为对流不稳定性。这将导致孤子在离障碍物一定距离处的扰动衰减，并形成有效稳定的暗孤子。这种现象解释了在数值模拟中观察到的流动图像的惊人稳定性。
英文摘要：
Stability of dark solitons generated by a supersonic flow of Bose-Einstein condensate past an obstacle is investigated. It is shown that in the reference frame attached to the obstacle a transition occurs at some critical value of the flow velocity from absolute instability of dark solitons to their convective instability. This leads to decay of disturbances of solitons at fixed distance from the obstacle and formation of effectively stable dark solitons. This phenomenon explains surprising stability of the flow picture that has been observed in numerical simulations.
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