普朗克、光子统计和玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚
Planck, Photon Statistics, and Bose-Einstein Condensation
摘要：
光学和统计物理之间的相互作用是一个丰富而令人兴奋的研究领域。黑体辐射是光子统计学的第一个应用，尽管它最初被视为与光子场平衡的腔振荡器的问题。然而，普朗克令人惊讶地抵制的想法，任何物理将量化很长一段时间后，他已经解决了这个问题。我们追踪这一发展。然后，在激光器本身发明之后，事实证明很难发展出一种可以解释光子统计（即阈值附近的波动）的激光作用理论。这是在1965年完成的。在成功实现玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚之后，在这种情况下出现了同样的问题。即使对于理想玻色气体，涨落问题也没有得到充分的处理。然而，这个问题现在已经解决了使用相同的技术在激光作用的理论。
英文摘要：
The interplay between optical and statistical physics is a rich and exciting field of study. Black body radiation was the first application of photon statistics, although it was initially treated as a problem of the cavity oscillators in equilibrium with the photon field. However Planck surprisingly resisted the idea that anything physical would be quantized for a long time after he had solved the problem. We trace this development. Then, after the invention of the laser itself, it proved difficult to develop a theory of laser action that could account for photon statistics, i.e. fluctuations near threshold. This was accomplished in 1965. After Bose-Einstein condensation was successfully achieved, the same problem arose in this case. The fluctuation problem had not been treated adequately even for the ideal Bose gas. However this problem has now been solved using the same techniques as in the theory of laser action.
机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来，可能存在错误，请以论文正文为准。
