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arXiv 0712.0859astro-ph
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利用NGC 1023行星状星云运动学检验PDKEEPAAA星系的性质

Testing the nature of S0 galaxies using planetary nebula kinematics in NGC 1023

E. Noordermeer, M. R. Merrifield, L. Coccato, M. Arnaboldi, M. Capaccioli, N. G. Douglas, K. C. Freeman, O. Gerhard, K. Kuijken, F. De Lorenzi, N. R. Napolitano, A. J. Romanowsky

摘要:

我们调查透镜星系的形成方式,通过研究他们的恒星运动学:从一个衰落的螺旋星系形成的S 0应该显示类似的冷外盘运动,其祖先,而在一个较小的合并形成的S 0应该更多地由随机运动为主。在一个试点研究,试图区分这些情况下,我们已经测量了附近的S 0系统NGC 1023的行星状星云(PN)的运动学。利用行星状星云摄谱仪,我们探测并测量了该星系场中204个候选行星状星云的视向速度。在中间半径外,系统显示正常旋转支撑的椎间盘系统的运动学。在对它的自转速度进行非对称漂移修正后,这个星系刚好低于螺旋星系的塔利-费舍尔关系,正如人们对衰落系统的预期。然而,在较大的半径的运动学经历了一个渐进的,但主要的过渡到随机运动,几乎没有旋转。这种转变似乎并不反映观察几何的变化或存在一个明显的晕组成部分,因为PNe的数量计数遵循相同的简单指数下降的恒星连续体具有相同的投影盘椭圆率到大半径。该星系的小伴星NGC 1023 A似乎也没有大到足以导致观察到的变化。这些性质的组合似乎表明了一个复杂的演化历史,无论是在过渡到形成S 0还是在形成S 0的螺旋星系的过去生活中。需要更多来自螺旋和S 0的此类数据集,以便明确确定这些类型系统之间的关系。

英文摘要:

We investigate the manner in which lenticular galaxies are formed by studying their stellar kinematics: an S0 formed from a fading spiral galaxy should display similar cold outer disc kinematics to its progenitor, while an S0 formed in a minor merger should be more dominated by random motions. In a pilot study to attempt to distinguish between these scenarios, we have measured the planetary nebula (PN) kinematics of the nearby S0 system NGC 1023. Using the Planetary Nebula Spectrograph, we have detected and measured the line-of-sight velocities of 204 candidate PNe in the field of this galaxy. Out to intermediate radii, the system displays the kinematics of a normal rotationally-supported disc system. After correction of its rotational velocities for asymmetric drift, the galaxy lies just below the spiral galaxy Tully-Fisher relation, as one would expect for a fading system. However, at larger radii the kinematics undergo a gradual but major transition to random motion with little rotation. This transition does not seem to reflect a change in the viewing geometry or the presence of a distinct halo component, since the number counts of PNe follow the same simple exponential decline as the stellar continuum with the same projected disc ellipticity out to large radii. The galaxy's small companion, NGC 1023A, does not seem to be large enough to have caused the observed modification either. This combination of properties would seem to indicate a complex evolutionary history in either the transition to form an S0 or in the past life of the spiral galaxy from which the S0 formed. More data sets of this type from both spirals and S0s are needed in order to definitively determine the relationship between these types of system.

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