星系内部轨道结构的恢复
Recovery of the internal orbital structure of galaxies
摘要：
我们构建了轴对称和三轴星系模型，其相空间分布函数取决于可分离势的三个精确运动积分的线性组合。这些Abel模型首先由Dejonghe和Laurent提出，随后由Mathieu和Dejonghe扩展，是著名的球形Osipkov-Merritt模型的轴对称和三轴概括。我们表明，密度和高阶速度矩，以及这些模型的视线速度分布（LOSVD）可以有效地计算，他们捕获了丰富的早期型星系的内部动力学。我们建立了一个三轴和扁圆形轴对称星系模型与投影运动学，模仿二维运动学观测，获得积分场光谱仪，如SAURON。我们适合模拟观测与轴对称和三轴动力学模型构造与我们的数值实现史瓦西轨道叠加法。我们发现Schwarzschild方法能够恢复早期星系模型的内部动力学和三积分分布函数。
英文摘要：
We construct axisymmetric and triaxial galaxy models with a phase-space distribution function that depends on linear combinations of the three exact integrals of motion for a separable potential. These Abel models, first introduced by Dejonghe & Laurent and subsequently extended by Mathieu & Dejonghe, are the axisymmetric and triaxial generalisations of the well-known spherical Osipkov-Merritt models. We show that the density and higher order velocity moments, as well as the line-of-sight velocity distribution (LOSVD) of these models can be calculated efficiently and that they capture much of the rich internal dynamics of early-type galaxies. We build a triaxial and oblate axisymmetric galaxy model with projected kinematics that mimic the two-dimensional kinematic observations that are obtained with integral-field spectrographs such as SAURON. We fit the simulated observations with axisymmetric and triaxial dynamical models constructed with our numerical implementation of Schwarzschild's orbit-superposition method. We find that Schwarzschild's method is able to recover the internal dynamics and three-integral distribution function of realistic models of early-type galaxies.
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