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arXiv 0711.4598astro-ph
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等级宇宙学中球状星团的动力学演化

Dynamical Evolution of Globular Clusters in Hierarchical Cosmology

Oleg Y. Gnedin, Jose L. Prieto

摘要:

我们探讨了球状星团的演化,这些球状星团可能形成于高红移星系内的巨大分子云中。数值模拟表明,在目前的星系形成的分级模型中,足够大和密度的气体云自然聚集。这些云富含来自早期恒星的重元素,可以以类似于附近分子云的方式产生星团。模型星团的质量和大小与年轻大质量星团的观测结果非常吻合。这些模型星团会演化成我们在我们星系和星系外看到的球状星团吗?为了研究它们的动力学演化,我们利用银河系大小星系的宇宙学模拟结果计算了模型星系团的轨道。我们发现,目前的轨道是各向同性的内50千秒差距的银河系和优先径向在更大的距离。所有位于中心10千秒差距以外的星系团都形成于现在被破坏的卫星星系中。模式集群的空间分布是球状的,与幂律密度分布与观测一致。两体散射、潮汐冲击和恒星演化的共同作用导致了星系团质量函数从初始的幂律演化为观测到的对数正态分布。

英文摘要:

We probe the evolution of globular clusters that could form in giant molecular clouds within high-redshift galaxies. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the large and dense enough gas clouds assemble naturally in current hierarchical models of galaxy formation. These clouds are enriched with heavy elements from earlier stars and could produce star clusters in a similar way to nearby molecular clouds. The masses and sizes of the model clusters are in excellent agreement with the observations of young massive clusters. Do these model clusters evolve into globular clusters that we see in our and external galaxies? In order to study their dynamical evolution, we calculate the orbits of model clusters using the outputs of the cosmological simulation of a Milky Way-sized galaxy. We find that at present the orbits are isotropic in the inner 50 kpc of the Galaxy and preferentially radial at larger distances. All clusters located outside 10 kpc from the center formed in the now-disrupted satellite galaxies. The spatial distribution of model clusters is spheroidal, with a power-law density profile consistent with observations. The combination of two-body scattering, tidal shocks, and stellar evolution results in the evolution of the cluster mass function from an initial power law to the observed log-normal distribution.

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