73 P/Schwassmann-Wachmann彗星中的异氰化氢（碎片B）
Hydrogen Isocyanide in Comet 73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann (Fragment B)
摘要：
2006年5月10日至11日，我们使用加州理工学院亚毫米波天文台（CSO）获得了彗星73 P/Schwassmann-Wachmann（碎片B）中HNC/HCN丰度比的灵敏度3 σ上限为1.1%。这个极限比以前在距离太阳1 AU的中等活动彗星中测量的值低7倍。73 P/Schwassmann-Wachmann彗星除了HCN外，几乎没有挥发性物质。因此，低HNC/HCN比率反对由HCN生产的聚合物生产HNC。然而，从氨和碳化合物（如乙炔、甲烷或乙烷）产生的大分子或聚合物的热降解似乎是对在中等活动彗星中观察到的HNC/HCN比率变化的合理解释，包括本文报道的彗星73 P/Schwassmann-Wachmann中非常低的比率。类似的聚合物以前曾被用来解释在彗星CN中测量到的异常14 N/15 N比率。
英文摘要：
We present a sensitive 3-sigma upper limit of 1.1% for the HNC/HCN abundance ratio in comet 73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann (Fragment B), obtained on May 10-11, 2006 using Caltech Submillimeter Observatory (CSO). This limit is a factor of ~7 lower than the values measured previously in moderately active comets at 1 AU from the Sun. Comet 73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann was depleted in most volatile species, except of HCN. The low HNC/HCN ratio thus argues against HNC production from polymers produced from HCN. However, thermal degradation of macromolecules, or polymers, produced from ammonia and carbon compounds, such as acetylene, methane, or ethane appears a plausible explanation for the observed variations of the HNC/HCN ratio in moderately active comets, including the very low ratio in comet 73P/Schwassmann-Wachmann reported here. Similar polymers have been invoked previously to explain anomalous 14N/15N ratios measured in cometary CN.
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