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arXiv 0711.4384astro-ph
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用宇宙射线在M87/Virgo中产生X射线腔喷流及其射电瓣;与遗迹射电源的相关性

Creation of the X-ray Cavity Jet and its Radio Lobe in M87/Virgo with Cosmic Rays; Relevance to Relic Radio Sources

William G. Mathews, Fabrizio Brighenti

摘要:

在星系团中,发射热气体的X射线中的年轻空洞经常充满了射电同步辐射,人们普遍认为空洞是由这些宇宙射线膨胀的。在其演化的后期阶段,当空腔变得有浮力时,空腔下方的气体会聚流导致热气体的细丝,即空腔射流,其以大的亚音速径向向外移动。当空洞喷流形成时,宇宙射线电子可能会扩散穿过空洞壁,充满空洞喷流周围的大体积,如在M87/室女座和其他地方所观察到的,有时被称为遗迹射电源。我们计算了宇宙射线、空腔和空腔喷流的联合演化。在M87/室女座观测到的模式可以达到1亿年,匹配扩展射电源的同步加速器年龄。一个20-30 kpc长的空腔喷流被一个直径为40 kpc的准球形射电瓣所包围,但初始空腔已经消失。在稍后的时间,腔喷流将回落到原点,只留下扩展的射电源。M87/室女座的喷流叶演化需要的宇宙射线总能量比通常假设的4PV大10倍以上。

英文摘要:

Young cavities in the X-ray emitting hot gas in galaxy clusters are often filled with radio synchrotron emission and it is widely thought that the cavities are inflated by these cosmic rays. At a later stage of its evolution, when the cavity becomes buoyant, the converging flow of gas beneath the cavity results in a filament of thermal gas, a cavity jet, that moves radially outward at large subsonic velocities. As the cavity jet forms, the cosmic ray electrons may diffuse through the cavity walls, filling a large volume surrounding the cavity jet, as observed in M87/Virgo and elsewhere, sometimes referred to as relic radio sources. We compute the combined evolution of cosmic rays, cavities and cavity jets. The observed pattern in M87/Virgo can be reached in 100 Myrs, matching the synchrotron age of the extended radio source. A 20-30 kpc long cavity jet is surrounded by a quasi-spherical radio lobe 40 kpc in diameter, but the initial cavity has disappeared. At later times the cavity jet will fall back to the origin, leaving only the extended radio source. The combined jet-lobe evolution in M87/Virgo requires a total cosmic ray energy that is more than 10 times larger than that usually assumed, 4PV.

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