再电离的前沿：理论与展望
The Frontier of Reionization: Theory and Forthcoming Observations
摘要：
宇宙微波背景提供了宇宙大爆炸后40万年的图像，当时氢原子由自由电子和质子形成。观测宇宙学的主要目标之一是在数亿年后的再电离时期获得宇宙的后续图像，当时宇宙氢被第一个星系发射的紫外光子再次电离。为了实现这一目标，正在建造新的天文台，包括能够通过其红移21厘米的发射映射宇宙氢的低频无线电阵列，以及第一个星系的成像仪，如詹姆斯韦伯太空望远镜（JWST）和大口径地面望远镜。这些观测站的建设是由一个快速增长的理论工作机构的动机。再电离的数值模拟开始实现所需的动力学范围，以解决银河系源在数百个共动Mpc的规模，大于最大的电离区。
英文摘要：
The cosmic microwave background provides an image of the Universe 0.4 million years after the big bang, when atomic hydrogen formed out of free electrons and protons. One of the primary goals of observational cosmology is to obtain follow-up images of the Universe during the epoch of reionization, hundreds of millions of years later, when cosmic hydrogen was ionized once again by the UV photons emitted from the first galaxies. To achieve this goal, new observatories are being constructed, including low-frequency radio arrays capable of mapping cosmic hydrogen through its redshifted 21cm emission, as well as imagers of the first galaxies such as the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and large aperture ground-based telescopes. The construction of these observatories is being motivated by a rapidly growing body of theoretical work. Numerical simulations of reionization are starting to achieve the dynamical range required to resolve galactic sources across the scale of hundreds of comoving Mpc, larger than the biggest ionized regions.
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