反氢与氢、氘、氚原子共存的可能性
Possible Coexistence of Antihydrogen with Hydrogen, Deuterium and Tritium Atoms
摘要：
最近在欧洲核子研究中心和费米实验室制造了大量冷反质子以及形成了反氢，这提出了关于自然界中物质和反物质可能共存的基本问题。在目前的工作中，以前的数学考虑重新支持的可能共存的反氢与氢，氘和氚原子。特别是，本工作的主要目标是目前的计算处理，确认这些准分子在实验室中的可能形成。这些处理是基于一个非绝热的系统，其中广义基函数的框架内的瑞利-里兹'变分法调整的图片。因此，本文的工作排除了系统的Born-Oppenheimer绝热图象，它要求存在由固定准重原子组成的束缚态（至少含有两个重子，例如质子（Pn），平均寿命为1.0 × 10 ^^-6 s）和准轻原子（由两个轻子组成，例如正电子素（Ps），对正电子素的平均寿命为125 × 10 ^^-12 s，对正电子素的平均寿命为142.05 × 10 ^^-9 s）。对反氢-氢、反氢-氘和反氢-氚的结合能和内部结构的计算表明，这些准分子是结合的，可以在自然界中形成。另一方面，考虑到系统的绝热图像，我们的结果表明，这些分子可能形成的反氢原子相互作用的共振态。尽管如此，在结论中积累了一些论点，作为拟议的约束状态的后果。
英文摘要：
Recent productions of large numbers of cold antiprotons as well as the formation of antihydrogens at CERN and Fermilab have raised basic questions about possible coexistence of matter and antimatter in nature. In the present work, previous mathematical considerations are revisited which support the possible coexistence of Antihydrogen with Hydrogen, Deuterium and Tritium atoms. In particular, the main objective of the present work is to present computational treatments which confirm the possible formation of these quasi molecules in laboratory. These treatments are based on a nonadiabatic picture of the system in which generalized basis functions are adjusted within the framework of Rayleigh-Ritz' variational method. Thus, it is ruled out in the present work the Born-Oppenheimer adiabatic picture of the system, which demands the existence of bound states composed of fixed quasi heavy atoms (containing at least two baryons, e.g. protonium (Pn), with mean lifetime 1.0x10^^-6 s) and quasi light atoms (composed of two leptons, e.g. positronium (Ps), with mean lifetime 125x10^^-12 s for para-Ps and 142.05x10^^-9 s for ortho-Ps). Our calculations of the binding energies and internal structure of Antihydrogen-Hydrogen, Antihydrogen-Deuterium and Antihydrogen-Tritium show that these quasi molecules are bound and could be formed in nature. On the other hand, having in mind the adiabatic picture of the systems, our results suggest the possible formation of these molecules as resonant states in Antihydrogen-Atom interaction. Nevertheless, several arguments are accumulated in the conclusion as consequences of the proposed bound states.
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