科学与澳大利亚平方公里阵列探路者
Science With The Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder
摘要：
厘米和米波天文学的未来在于平方公里阵列（SKA），这是一个由17个国家组成的财团正在开发的望远镜，其灵敏度将是现有无线电设施的50倍。SKA的大部分关键科学将通过在几百MHz到几GHz的频率下对宇宙进行大面积成像来解决。澳大利亚SKA探路者（ASKAP）是一个瞄准中频范围的技术演示器，通过在抛物面反射器上开发和部署相控阵馈电系统实现瞬时广域成像。大视场使ASKAP成为前所未有的天气望远镜，将在SKA关键科学方面取得实质性进展。ASKAP将设在西澳大利亚内陆的Murchison射电天文台，这是地球上无线电最安静的地方之一，也是国际社会选定的两个潜在SKA地点之一。在本文中，我们概述了一个雄心勃勃的科学计划ASKAP，检查关键科学，如了解包括我们自己的星系的演化，形成和人口，了解磁性宇宙，揭示瞬态无线电天空和寻找引力波。
英文摘要：
The future of cm and m-wave astronomy lies with the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), a telescope under development by a consortium of 17 countries that will be 50 times more sensitive than any existing radio facility. Most of the key science for the SKA will be addressed through large-area imaging of the Universe at frequencies from a few hundred MHz to a few GHz. The Australian SKA Pathfinder (ASKAP) is a technology demonstrator aimed in the mid-frequency range, and achieves instantaneous wide-area imaging through the development and deployment of phased-array feed systems on parabolic reflectors. The large field-of-view makes ASKAP an unprecedented synoptic telescope that will make substantial advances in SKA key science. ASKAP will be located at the Murchison Radio Observatory in inland Western Australia, one of the most radio-quiet locations on the Earth and one of two sites selected by the international community as a potential location for the SKA. In this paper, we outline an ambitious science program for ASKAP, examining key science such as understanding the evolution, formation and population of galaxies including our own, understanding the magnetic Universe, revealing the transient radio sky and searching for gravitational waves.
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