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arXiv 0711.1865astro-ph
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星盘吸积的恒星生长:星盘辐照对原恒星演化的影响

Stellar growth by disk accretion: the effect of disk irradiation on the protostellar evolution

Roman R. Rafikov

摘要:

年轻恒星的大部分质量都是通过吸积在它们周围形成的圆盘获得的,而圆盘是坍缩的原恒星云中角动量守恒的结果。吸积最初以10^{-6}-10 ^{-5} M_Sun/yr的高速率进行,导致盘的热内部对恒星表面的强烈照射,并导致本征恒星光度的抑制。在这里,我们调查这种光度抑制如何影响演化的原恒星属性。利用基于吸积星能量平衡的简单模型,证明了吸积盘辐射仅引起原恒星半径的轻微增加,在百分之几的水平。这样一个微弱的影响是由恒星的固有光度所起的次要作用来解释的(在辐射显著改变时)在原恒星的能量预算相比,恒星氘燃烧光度和流入的引力势能所带来的新鲜吸积材料。我们的研究结果证明了在以前的研究中,通过盘吸积的原恒星生长的辐射效应的忽视。其他一些活跃吸积的天体,如年轻的棕矮星和行星,其演化对辐射的影响也应该只有微弱的敏感性。

英文摘要:

Young stars are expected to gain most of their mass by accretion from a disk that forms around them as a result of angular momentum conservation in the collapsing protostellar cloud. Accretion initially proceeds at high rates of 10^{-6}-10^{-5} M_Sun/yr resulting in strong irradiation of the stellar surface by the hot inner portion of the disk and leading to the suppression of the intrinsic stellar luminosity. Here we investigate how this luminosity suppression affects evolution of the protostellar properties. Using simple model based on the energy balance of accreting star we demonstrate that disk irradiation causes only a slight increase of the protostellar radius, at the level of several per cent. Such a weak effect is explained by a minor role played by the intrinsic stellar luminosity (at the time when it is significantly altered by irradiation) in the protostellar energy budget compared to the stellar deuterium burning luminosity and the inflow of the gravitational potential energy brought in by the freshly accreted material. Our results justify the neglect of irradiation effects in previous studies of the protostellar growth via disk accretion. Evolution of some other actively accreting objects such as young brown dwarfs and planets should also be only weakly sensitive to the effects of disk irradiation.

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