描述纳米物体基本性质的半经典方法
Semiclassical approach to the description of the basic properties of nanoobjects
摘要：
本文是一个审查的结果，在纳米物理学的半经典方法的框架内获得的。基于静电学和费米模型的半经典描述，计算了富勒烯分子和碳纳米管的电子壳层的尺寸。这种简化的方法在某些情况下会产生令人惊讶的准确结果。半经典的方法提供了相当好的描述的尺寸的电子壳层的富勒烯分子。考虑了富勒烯分子中的两种偶极振荡，并计算了它们的频率。对碳纳米管也进行了类似的计算。这些结果看起来相当合理。考虑了碳纳米管中的三种偶极振荡，并计算了它们的频率。计算了碳豆荚中离域电子的纵向集体振荡频率。金属团簇被模拟为球形。结果表明，金属团簇是稳定的，并计算了其体积模量和电子层相对于离子的偶极振荡频率。
英文摘要：
Present paper is a review of results, obtained in the framework of semiclassical approach in nanophysics. Semiclassical description, based on Electrostatics and Thomas-Fermi model was applied to calculate dimensions of the electronic shell of a fullerene molecule and a carbon nanotube. This simplified approach yields surprisingly accurate results in some cases. Semiclassical approach provides rather good description of the dimensions of the electronic shell of a fullerene molecule. Two types of dipole oscillations in a fullerene molecule were considered and their frequencies were calculated. Similar calculations were performed for a carbon nanotube also. These results look rather reasonable. Three types of dipole oscillations in carbon nanotube were considered and their frequencies were calculated. Frequencies of the longitudinal collective oscillations of delocalized electrons in carbon peapod were calculated as well. Metallic cluster was modeled as a spherical ball. It was shown that metallic cluster is stable; its bulk modulus and the frequency of the dipole oscillation of the electronic shell relative to the ions were calculated.
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