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arXiv 0710.5330astro-ph
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在蓝色水平分支恒星大气中寻找金属的垂直分层

Search for vertical stratification of metals in atmospheres of blue horizontal-branch stars

V. R. Khalack, F. LeBlanc, B. B. Behr, G. A. Wade, D. Bohlender

摘要:

许多化学物种相对于蓝水平分支(BHB)恒星的预期集群金属丰度观测到的丰度特性可能是由于光球层中的原子扩散而出现的。BHB星的缓慢自转(通常为$v\sin{i}<$ 10 km s $^{-1}$),有效温度为$T_{\rm eff}>$ 11,500 K,支持这一观点,因为扩散机制只在稳定的恒星大气中有效。在这项工作中,我们在六颗热BHB星的大气中寻找垂直化学分层的观测证据:M15中的B84,B267和B279以及M13中的WF 2 -2541,WF 4 -3085和WF 4 -3485。我们进行了丰度分层分析的恒星大气中的上述恒星,收购凯克HIRES光谱的基础上。通过数值模拟,我们发现三颗恒星(B267,B279和WF 2 -2541)显示出明显的铁垂直分层特征,其丰度向低层大气增加,而另外两颗恒星(B84和WF 4 -3485)则没有。对于WF 4 -3085,铁分层结果不确定。B267还显示出钛分层的特征。考虑到测量误差,我们对径向速度、$v\sin{i}$和总体铁、钛和磷丰度的估计与以前发表的这些恒星的数据一致。这些结果支持关于$T_{\rm eff}>$ 11,500 K的BHB星的恒星大气中原子扩散效率的假设。

英文摘要:

The observed abundance peculiarities of many chemical species relative to the expected cluster metallicity in blue horizontal-branch (BHB) stars presumably appear as a result of atomic diffusion in the photosphere. The slow rotation (typically $v\sin{i}<$ 10 km s$^{-1}$) of BHB stars with effective temperatures $T_{\rm eff}>$ 11,500 K supports this idea since the diffusion mechanism is only effective in a stable stellar atmosphere. In this work we search for observational evidence of vertical chemical stratification in the atmospheres of six hot BHB stars: B84, B267 and B279 in M15 and WF2-2541, WF4-3085 and WF4-3485 in M13. We undertake an abundance stratification analysis of the stellar atmospheres of the aforementioned stars, based on acquired Keck HIRES spectra. We have found from our numerical simulations that three stars (B267, B279 and WF2-2541) show clear signatures of the vertical stratification of iron whose abundance increases toward the lower atmosphere, while the other two stars (B84 and WF4-3485) do not. For WF4-3085 the iron stratification results are inconclusive. B267 also shows a signature of titanium stratification. Our estimates for radial velocity, $v\sin{i}$ and overall iron, titanium and phosphorus abundances agree with previously published data for these stars after taking the measurement errors into account. The results support the hypothesis regarding the efficiency of atomic diffusion in the stellar atmospheres of BHB stars with $T_{\rm eff}>$ 11,500 K.

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