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arXiv 0710.4474gr-qc
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广义相对论中的奇异解:可穿越的虫洞和“曲速驱动”时空

Exotic solutions in General Relativity: Traversable wormholes and 'warp drive' spacetimes

Francisco S. N. Lobo

摘要:

广义相对论是一个非常成功的理论,至少对于弱引力场来说,它有很好的实验基础。它的预言范围从黑洞的存在、引力辐射到宇宙学模型,预言了一个原始的开始,即大爆炸。所有这些解都是通过首先考虑物质的合理分布,并通过爱因斯坦场方程确定几何的时空度规而得到的。然而,人们可以在相反的方向上求解爱因斯坦场方程,也就是说,人们首先考虑一个有趣的和奇异的时空度规,然后找到负责相应几何的物质源。通过这种方式,人们发现这些解决方案中的一些具有特殊的性质,即“奇异物质”,涉及违反零能量条件的应力-能量张量。这些几何也允许封闭的类时曲线,具有各自的因果关系违反。这些解决方案主要是有用的“gedanken-experiments”和作为理论家的广义相对论的基础探测,包括可穿越的虫洞和超光速的“曲速驱动”时空。因此,人们可能倾向于将这些几何表示为爱因斯坦场方程的“奇异”解,因为它们违反了能量条件并产生封闭的类时曲线。在这篇文章中,除了广泛探索有趣的功能,特别是这些“异国情调的时空”的物理性质和特点,我们还分析了其他非平凡的广义相对论几何生成封闭的类时曲线。

英文摘要:

The General Theory of Relativity has been an extremely successful theory, with a well established experimental footing, at least for weak gravitational fields. Its predictions range from the existence of black holes, gravitational radiation to the cosmological models, predicting a primordial beginning, namely the big-bang. All these solutions have been obtained by first considering a plausible distribution of matter, and through the Einstein field equation, the spacetime metric of the geometry is determined. However, one may solve the Einstein field equation in the reverse direction, namely, one first considers an interesting and exotic spacetime metric, then finds the matter source responsible for the respective geometry. In this manner, it was found that some of these solutions possess a peculiar property, namely 'exotic matter,' involving a stress-energy tensor that violates the null energy condition. These geometries also allow closed timelike curves, with the respective causality violations. These solutions are primarily useful as 'gedanken-experiments' and as a theoretician's probe of the foundations of general relativity, and include traversable wormholes and superluminal 'warp drive' spacetimes. Thus, one may be tempted to denote these geometries as 'exotic' solutions of the Einstein field equation, as they violate the energy conditions and generate closed timelike curves. In this article, in addition to extensively exploring interesting features, in particular, the physical properties and characteristics of these 'exotic spacetimes,' we also analyze other non-trivial general relativistic geometries which generate closed timelike curves.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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