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arXiv 0710.4301astro-ph
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大质量黑洞双星与其恒星环境的相互作用:III。束缚星的散射

Interaction of massive black hole binaries with their stellar environment: III. Scattering of bound stars

Alberto Sesana, Francesco Haardt, Piero Madau

摘要:

我们发展了一种研究引力约束下恒星尖点中大质量黑洞双星动力学的形式,并研究了三体相互作用引起的双星轨道衰变、恒星弹弓对内部尖点密度分布的影响以及被弹射出的超高速星(HVS)的性质.我们发现,结合星的散射收缩的双星轨道,并增加其偏心率比未结合的环境星更有效。初始偏心率e>0.3和/或质量不等的伴星(M_2/M_1<0.1)可以通过三体相互作用在不到一个哈勃时间内衰变到引力波发射区。恒星的尖点被严重侵蚀,而像ρ \propto r^-0.7这样浅的核心可能是从先前存在的奇异等温密度分布发展而来的。在宿主星系晕中有一群HVS被抛出,总质量约为M_2。我们将我们的结果扩展到Sgr A*(银河系中心的大质量黑洞)的恒星被一个中等质量的螺旋状伴星散射。根据双星的质量比、偏心率和恒星尖点的初始斜率,半径约为0.1 pc的核心通常在1- 1000万年前形成。在这个时间尺度上,大约有500-2500个HVS以足够大的速度逃离银河系的引力势。

英文摘要:

We develop a formalism for studying the dynamics of massive black hole binaries embedded in gravitationally-bound stellar cusps, and study the binary orbital decay by three-body interactions, the impact of stellar slingshots on the density profile of the inner cusp, and the properties of the ejected hypervelocity stars (HVSs). We find that the scattering of bound stars shrinks the binary orbit and increases its eccentricity more effectively than that of unbound ambient stars. Binaries with initial eccentricities e>0.3 and/or unequal-mass companions (M_2/M_1<0.1) can decay by three-body interactions to the gravitational wave emission regime in less than a Hubble time. The stellar cusp is significantly eroded, and cores as shallow as ρ\propto r^-0.7 may develop from a pre-existing singular isothermal density profile. A population of HVSs is ejected in the host galaxy halo, with a total mass ~M_2. We scale our results to the scattering of stars bound to Sgr A*, the massive black hole in the Galactic Center, by an inspiraling companion of intermediate mass. Depending on binary mass ratio, eccentricity, and initial slope of the stellar cusp, a core of radius ~0.1 pc typically forms in 1-10 Myr. On this timescale about 500-2500 HVSs are expelled with speeds sufficiently large to escape the gravitational potential of the Milky Way.

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