用加速度计研究大型反射面天线的动力学特性
Study of the Dynamics of Large Reflector Antennas with Accelerometers
摘要：
阿塔卡马大型毫米波阵列（ALMA）将由多达64个最先进的亚毫米望远镜组成，这些望远镜将受到严格的性能规范的限制，这将推动技术的发展，并使天线性能测试成为一项同样具有挑战性的任务。两个天线原型在美国新墨西哥州的超大阵列基地的ALMA测试设施进行了评估。借助能够测量天线仰角结构的刚体运动以及一些低阶变形模式的加速度计系统，研究了天线在工作条件下的动态行为，从而得出指向稳定性、反射器表面稳定性、路径长度稳定性和结构弯曲的动态性能数字。特别强调了风的影响，这是影响几秒到几十分钟时间尺度性能的主要因素之一。本文介绍了加速度计系统，它的能力和局限性，并提出了两个原型天线的动态性能结果进行了研究。
英文摘要：
The Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) will consist of up to 64 state-of-the-art sub-mm telescopes, subject to stringent performance specifications which will push the boundaries of the technology, and makes testing of antenna performance a likewise challenging task. Two antenna prototypes were evaluated at the ALMA Test Facility at the Very Large Array site in New Mexico, USA. The dynamic behaviour of the antennas under operational conditions was investigated with the help of an accelerometer system capable of measuring rigid body motion of the elevation structure of the antenna, as well as a few low-order deformation modes, resulting in dynamic performance numbers for pointing stability, reflector surface stability, path length stability, and structure flexure. Special emphasis was given to wind effects, one of the major factors affecting performance on timescales of seconds to tens of minutes. This paper describes the accelerometer system, its capabilities and limitations, and presents the dynamic performance results of the two prototype antennas investigated.
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