卫星猝灭对建立现代银河系红色序列的重要性
The Importance of Satellite Quenching for the Build-Up of the Red Sequence of Present Day Galaxies
摘要：
在目前的范例中，红序星系被认为是形成为蓝盘星系，随后其恒星形成被淬灭。由于红序星系通常具有早期类型的形态，因此从蓝色到红色序的转变也涉及形态转变。在本文中，我们研究的转换机制的影响，只对卫星星系，如扼杀，冲压压力剥离和星系骚扰。使用一个大的星系群目录构建的SDSS，我们比较的颜色和浓度的卫星星系的中央星系的相同的恒星质量，采用的假设，后者是前者的祖先。平均而言，卫星星系比相同恒星质量的中央星系更红，更集中。然而，在恒星质量和颜色上都匹配的中心卫星对没有平均浓度差异，这表明转换机制对颜色的影响大于形态。匹配的中心卫星对的颜色和浓度差异是完全独立的卫星星系的晕质量，表明卫星特定的转换机制是同样有效的晕的所有质量。这强烈支持绞杀作为卫星星系的主要淬火机制。最后，我们确定了卫星淬灭的红色序列的建立的相对重要性。我们发现，在恒星质量为10^9兆太阳的红序卫星星系中，大约有70%的卫星星系的恒星形成过程被淬灭为卫星星系。随着恒星质量的增加，它迅速下降到零，这表明很大一部分红色卫星在成为卫星之前已经熄灭。
英文摘要：
In the current paradigm, red sequence galaxies are believed to have formed as blue disk galaxies that subsequently had their star formation quenched. Since red-sequence galaxies typically have an early-type morphology, the transition from the blue to the red sequence also involves a morphological transformation. In this paper we study the impact of transformation mechanisms that operate only on satellite galaxies, such as strangulation, ram-pressure stripping and galaxy harassment. Using a large galaxy group catalogue constructed from the SDSS, we compare the colors and concentrations of satellites galaxies to those of central galaxies of the same stellar mass, adopting the hypothesis that the latter are the progenitors of the former. On average, satellites are redder and more concentrated than central galaxies of the same stellar mass. Central-satellite pairs that are matched in both stellar mass and color, however, show no average concentration difference, indicating that the transformation mechanisms affect color more than morphology. The color and concentration differences of matched central-satellite pairs are completely independent of the halo mass of the satellite galaxy, indicating that satellite-specific transformation mechanisms are equally efficient in haloes of all masses. This strongly favors strangulation as the main quenching mechanism for satellite galaxies. Finally, we determine the relative importance of satellite quenching for the build-up of the red sequence. We find that roughly 70 percent of red sequence satellite galaxies with a stellar mass of 10^9 Msun had their star formation quenched as satellites. This drops rapidly to zero with increasing stellar mass, indicating that a significant fraction of red satellites were already quenched before they became a satellite.
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