Based on trends seen at lower energies we "predict" the multiplicities and pseudorapidity distributions of particle density and elliptic flow that will be seen in PbPb and pp collisions at the LHC. We argue that, if these predictions turn out to be correct, either these quantities are insensitive to the state of matter created in high energy heavy ion collisions or the observed simplicity and universality of the data must be telling us something profound about the mechanism of particle production, which to this date is not well understood.
The second- and third-order azimuthal anisotropy Fourier harmonics of charged particles produced in pPb collisions, at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}} =$ 8.16 TeV, are studied over a wide range of event multiplicities. Multiparticle correlations are used to isolate global properties stemming from the collision overlap geometry. The second-order "elliptic" harmonic moment is obtained with high precision through four-, six-, and eight-particle correlations and, for the first time, the third-order "triangular" harmonic moment is studied using four-particle correlations. A sample of peripheral PbPb collisio…
Measurements of coherent charmonium production cross sections together with their ratio in ultra-peripheral PbPb collisions are studied at a nucleon-nucleon centre-of-mass energy of $5.02\,\mathrm{TeV}$, the differential cross-sections are measured as a function of rapidity and transverse momentum, separately. The photo-production of \jpsi mesons at low transverse momentum is studied in peripheral PbPb collisions, which confirms coherent \jpsi production in hadronic collisions. These latest results significantly improve previous measurements and are compared with some theoretical predictions.
This article presents recent results of the Z boson production in the proton-lead collisions and the charmonium production in the ultra-peripheral lead-lead collisions at the LHC collected during 2013 to 2018 by the LHCb detector. The potential heavy ion programs in these topics are also discussed.
The LHCb recorded $\sim$ 210 $μb^{-1}$ integrated luminosity of PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV in 2018. With an increase of the luminosity by a factor of 20 compared to the previous 2015 PbPb dataset, precise measurements on photo-produced charmonia in ultra-peripheral collisions are now possible. Moreover, the great momentum resolution of the detector allows photo-produced $J/ψ$ in collisions with a nuclear overlap to be studied. This new type of probe is sensitive to the geometry of the collisions but also to the electromagnetic field of the Pb nuclei. In this contribution, we…
The cross-sections of coherent \jpsi and \psitwos production in ultra-peripheral PbPb collisions at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of $5.02\,\mathrm{TeV}$ are measured using a data sample collected in 2018 at $\lhcb$, and the differential cross-sections are measured separately as a function of transverse momentum and rapidity. The photo-production of \jpsi mesons at low transverse momentum is studied in peripheral PbPb collisions, \jpsi candidates are reconstructed through the prompt decay into \mumu in the rapidity region of $2.0<y<4.5$. These results significantly improve previous m…
Charge-dependent anisotropy Fourier coefficients ($v_n$) of particle azimuthal distributions are measured in pPb and PbPb collisions at $ \sqrt{\smash[b]{s_{_{\mathrm{NN}}}}} = $ 5.02 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. The normalized difference in the second-order anisotropy coefficients ($v_2$) between positively and negatively charged particles is found to depend linearly on the observed event charge asymmetry with comparable slopes for both pPb and PbPb collisions over a wide range of charged particle multiplicity. In PbPb, the third-order anisotropy coefficient, $v_3$, shows a similar l…
In this paper we present a comprehensive analysis of the exclusive heavy quark photoproduction in $pp$, $pPb$ and $PbPb$ collisions at LHC and FCC energies using the color dipole formalism and taking into account of nonlinear corrections to the QCD dynamics. We estimate the rapidity distributions and cross sections for the charm and bottom production considering three phenomenological models for the dipole-proton scattering amplitude that are able to describe the $ep$ HERA data. Our results indicate that a future experimental analysis of this process is feasible, which will allow us to improve…
Measurements of quarkonia production in ultra-peripheral heavy-ion collisions are of important value to study photon-photon and photon-nucleus interactions, the partonic structure of nuclei, and mechanisms of vector-meson production. LHCb has studied both coherent $J/ψ$ and $ψ(2S)$ mesons in ultra-peripheral collisions using PbPb data at forward rapidity with the highest precision currently accessible. In addition, measurements of $Z$ production in $p$Pb collisions provide new constraints on the partonic structure of nucleons bound inside nuclei. Here will present these measurements of quarkon…
Nuclear effects in photoproduction of heavy quarks and vector mesons in ultraperipheral PbPb and pPb collisions at the LHC
通过比较$c\bar{c}$和b-b（bar）在PbPb和pPb碰撞中的光生截面，可以得到对核遮蔽效应的敏感性.光生矢量介子对底层胶子的分布更为敏感。本文研究了在sqrt（s_NN）=5 TeV和sqrt（s_NN）=2.76 $ TeV, respectively. The potentials of using these processes for constraining nuclear gluon shadowing are explored. It is found that photoproduction of $ J/J条件下，在大型强子对撞机上进行的超周边pPb和PbPb碰撞中，重夸克光生和矢量介子光生的截面及其与快度的关系。特别是PbPb碰撞中的$ and $对胶子遮蔽表现出很好的敏感性。
High $p_{T}$ inclusive hadron and photon spectra in pp and PbPb collisions
本文报道了在大型强子对撞机上用CMS探测器测量的$\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.76$ TeV PbPb碰撞中的带电强子和孤立光子谱。带电粒子的动量谱相比，质子-质子碰撞在$\sqrt{s}=2.76$ TeV的构造参考测量通过使用$x_T$缩放和直接插值在固定的$p_{T}$的组合。光子的结果进行了比较，在相同的质心的能量下的下一个领先的顺序计算。计算了核修饰因子（$R_{AA}$），研究了介质的性质。虽然在高横向动量的带电粒子$R_{AA}$中观察到较大的抑制，但孤立光子没有显示出任何修改，这表明在$\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.76$ TeV的PbPb碰撞产生强烈相互作用的有色介质。
Charge-dependent azimuthal correlations of same- and opposite-sign pairs with respect to the second- and third-order event planes have been measured in pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}} =$ 8.16 TeV and PbPb collisions at 5.02 TeV with the CMS experiment at the LHC. The measurement is motivated by the search for the charge separation phenomenon predicted by the chiral magnetic effect (CME) in heavy ion collisions. Three- and two-particle azimuthal correlators are extracted as functions of the pseudorapidity difference, the transverse momentum ($p_\mathrm{t}$) difference, and the $p_\mathr…
Recent data on the nuclear modification of W and Z boson production measured by the ATLAS collaboration in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm nn}}=5.02$ TeV show an enhancement in peripheral collisions, seemingly contradicting predictions of the Glauber model. The data were previously explained by arguing that the nucleon-nucleon cross section may be shadowed in nucleus-nucleus collisions, and hence suppressed compared to the proton-proton cross section at the same collision energy. This interpretation has quite significant consequences for the understanding of heavy-ion data, in particular in t…
We present the system size and flavour dependence of the chemical freeze-out temperature ($T_\mathrm{ch}$) at vanishing baryo-chemical potential calculated via thermal fits to experimental yields for several multiplicity classes in pp, pPb and PbPb collisions measured by ALICE. Using the Thermal-FIST Hadron Resonance Gas model package, we compare the quality of fits across various treatments of strangeness conservation under different freeze-out conditions as a function of the charged particle multiplicity density $\big \langle dN_\mathrm{ch}/dη\big \rangle$. Additionally, we examine how the a…
The azimuthal anisotropy Fourier coefficients ($v_n$) in 8.16 TeV pPb data are extracted via long-range two-particle correlations as a function of event multiplicity and compared to corresponding results in pp and PbPb collisions. Using a four-particle cumulant technique, $v_n$ correlations are measured for the first time in pp and pPb collisions. The $v_2$ and $v_4$ coefficients are found to be positively correlated in all collision systems. For high multiplicity pPb collisions an anticorrelation of $v_2$ and $v_3$ is observed, with a similar correlation strength as in PbPb data at the same m…
The production of axionlike particles (ALPs) with small masses in ultraperipheral $Pb - p$ and $Pb - Pb$ collisions at the LHC is investigated. The cross section and kinematical distributions associated to the diphoton final state produced in the $γγ\rightarrow a \rightarrow γγ$ subprocesses are estimated considering a realistic set of kinematical cuts. A detailed analysis of the backgrounds is performed and the expected sensitivity to the ALP production is derived. Our results demonstrate that a future experimental analysis of the exclusive diphoton production for the forward rapidities probe…
The transverse momentum balance of pairs of back-to-back b quark jets in PbPb and pp collisions recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC is reported. The center-of-mass energy in both collision systems is 5.02 TeV per nucleon pair. Compared to the pp collision baseline, b quark jets have a larger imbalance in the most central PbPb collisions, as expected from the jet quenching effect. The data are also compared to the corresponding measurement with inclusive dijets. In the most central collisions, the imbalance of b quark dijets is comparable to that of inclusive dijets.
We study different processes responsible for the modification of quarkonia yields in the medium produced in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV. The quarkonia and heavy flavour cross sections are estimated using the measurements in pp collisions at LHC energies and shadowing corrections are obtained using the EPS09 parametrizations. A kinetic model is used which incorporates quarkonia suppression inside the Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP), suppression due to hadronic comovers, and regeneration from recombination of heavy quark pairs. The quarkonia dissociation cross section due to gluon col…
Measurements of azimuthal angular correlations are presented for high-multiplicity pPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}=$ 5.02 TeV and peripheral PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}=$ 2.76 TeV. The data used in this work were collected with the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. Fourier coefficients as functions of transverse momentum and pseudorapidity are studied using the scalar product method, 4-, 6-, and 8-particle cumulants, and the Lee-Yang zeros technique. The influence of event plane decorrelation is evaluated using the scalar product method and found to account for most of the obs…
Modifications of the properties of jets in PbPb collisions, relative to those in pp collisions, are studied at a nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}} =$ 5.02 TeV via correlations of charged particles with the jet axis in relative pseudorapidity ($Δη$), relative azimuth ($Δϕ$), and relative angular distance from the jet axis $Δ\mathrm{r} = \sqrt{{(Δη)^{2}+(Δϕ)^{2}}}$. This analysis uses data collected with the CMS detector at the LHC, corresponding to integrated luminosities of 404 $μ$b$^{-1}$ and 27.4 pb$^{-1}$ for PbPb and pp collisions, respectively. Charged particl…
