Smith-Purcell辐射引起的退相干
Decoherence induced by Smith-Purcell radiation
摘要：
在干涉实验中，带电粒子与电磁场真空涨落的相互作用会引起退相干，从而影响干涉条纹的对比度。在这篇文章中，我们表明，如果一个双缝实验附近进行的导电光栅，条纹可见度降低。我们发现，对比度的减少是成比例的导电表面中的凹槽的数量，并且对于现实的参数值，它可以是足够大的观察。这种效应可以用导体中感应的表面电流产生的史密斯-珀塞尔辐射来理解。
英文摘要：
The interaction between charged particles and the vacuum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field induces decoherence, and therefore affects the contrast of fringes in an interference experiment. In this article we show that if a double slit experiment is performed near a conducting grating, the fringe visibility is reduced. We find that the reduction of contrast is proportional to the number of grooves in the conducting surface, and that for realistic values of the parameters it could be large enough to be observed. The effect can be understood in terms of the Smith-Purcell radiation produced by the surface currents induced in the conductor.
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