暗态绝热通过下原子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中孤子的形成
Formation of solitons in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates by dark-state adiabatic passage
摘要：
提出了一种在拉长的玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中产生孤子的新方法。如果其中一束光束处于一阶（TEM 10）厄米-高斯模式，则其振幅具有横向相位滑移，该相位滑移可以传递到原子，从而产生孤子。使用这种方法，它是可能的，以规避限制设置固有的传统方法，如相位印记的衍射极限。该方法允许一个创建多分量（矢量）孤子的暗-亮形式以及暗-暗组合。此外，还可以通过可控的方式产生两个或多个速度很小且相互靠近的暗孤子，用于研究它们的碰撞特性。
英文摘要：
We propose a new method of creating solitons in elongated Bose-Einstein Condensates (BECs) by sweeping three laser beams through the BEC. If one of the beams is in the first order (TEM10) Hermite-Gaussian mode, its amplitude has a transversal phase slip which can be transferred to the atoms creating a soliton. Using this method it is possible to circumvent the restriction set by the diffraction limit inherent to conventional methods such as phase imprinting. The method allows one to create multicomponent (vector) solitons of the dark-bright form as well as the dark-dark combination. In addition it is possible to create in a controllable way two or more dark solitons with very small velocity and close to each other for studying their collisional properties.
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