由晕和星系三轴度引起的引力透镜群的偏差
Biases in the Gravitational Lens Population Induced by Halo and Galaxy Triaxiality
摘要：
三轴晕的透镜化截面取决于晕的主轴与其视线之间的相对取向。因此，随机取向晕的透镜子样本一般不是随机取向的。使用等温质量模型的透镜星系和他们的主机晕，我们表明，透镜子样本的晕，产生双优先沿视线对齐，而晕，产生四边形往往是沿其中轴线投影。这些优先取向的结果在不同的四，双打，和随机星系的投影椭圆率分布。我们表明，必须发现约300个透镜系统，以检测这种效果在95%的置信水平。我们还调查的重要性，晕的形状预测的四倍比，发现后者依赖于相当敏感的分布的短长轴比，但几乎是独立的晕的形状。最后，我们估计了透镜星系的优先取向对其投影子结构质量分数的影响，并发现观测到的子结构分布和晕质量分布之间的对齐导致可以忽略不计的偏差。
英文摘要：
The lensing cross section of triaxial halos depends on the relative orientation between a halo's principal axes and its line of sight. Consequently, a lensing subsample of randomly oriented halos is not, in general,randomly oriented. Using an isothermal mass model for the lensing galaxies and their host halos, we show that the lensing subsample of halos that produces doubles is preferentially aligned along the lines of sight, whereas halos that produce quads tend to be projected along their middle axes. These preferred orientations result in different projected ellipticity distributions for quad, doubles, and random galaxies. We show that ~300 lens systems must be discovered to detect this effect at the 95% confidence level. We also investigate the importance of halo shape for predicting the quad-to-double ratio and find that the latter depends quite sensitively on the distribution of the short-to-long axis ratio, but is otherwise nearly independent of halo shape. Finally, we estimate the impact of the preferred orientation of lensing galaxies on their projected substructure mass fraction, and find that the observed alignment between the substructure distribution and the mass distribution of halos result in a negligible bias.
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