极帽加速器与射电辐射
Polar-cap accelerator and radio emission from pulsars
摘要：
电流j从中子星的极冠沿着开放的磁场线流动。极帽的活动取决于α=j/cρ_GJ，其中ρ_GJ是共转电荷密度。传统的假设α \approx 1不支持最近的模拟脉冲星磁层和我们研究的极帽与任意的α。我们认为在0<α<1的场线上没有产生显著的活动。电荷从恒星中提取出来，并沿着这种低能量的场线流动。相反，如果α>1或α<0，则会产生高电压，导致在小于极冠大小的尺度高度上产生不稳定的e^+放电。放电可以为观察到的放电管提供动力。放电中的电压波动意味着开放的磁通管的不稳定扭曲和阿尔芬波的产生。这些波沿着管道传输并转换为电磁波，为脉冲星辐射提供了一种新的机制。
英文摘要：
Electric currents j flow along the open magnetic field lines from the polar caps of neutron stars. Activity of a polar cap depends on the ratio α=j/cρ_GJ, where ρ_GJ is the corotation charge density. The customary assumption α\approx 1 is not supported by recent simulations of pulsar magnetospheres and we study polar caps with arbitrary α. We argue that no significant activity is generated on field lines with 0<α<1. Charges are extracted from the star and flow along such field lines with low energies. By contrast, if α>1 or α<0, a high voltage is generated, leading to unsteady e^+- discharge on a scale-height smaller than the size of the polar cap. The discharge can power observed pulsars. Voltage fluctuations in the discharge imply unsteady twisting of the open flux tube and generation of Alfven waves. These waves are ducted along the tube and converted to electromagnetic waves, providing a new mechanism for pulsar radiation.
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