Context: It has been proposed that the origin of the very high-energy photons emitted from high-mass X-ray binaries with jet-like features, so-called microquasars (MQs), is related to hadronic interactions between relativistic protons in the jet and cold protons of the stellar wind. Leptonic secondary emission should be calculated in a complete hadronic model that include the effects of pairs from charged pion decays inside the jets and the emission from pairs generated by gamma-ray absorption in the photosphere of the system. Aims: We aim at predicting the broadband spectrum from a general hadronic microquasar model, taking into account the emission from secondaries created by charged pion decay inside the jet. Methods: The particle energy distribution for secondary leptons injected along the jets is consistently derived taking the energy losses into account. We also compute the spectral energy distribution resulting from these leptons is calculated after assuming different values of the magnetic field inside the jets. The spectrum of the gamma-rays produced by neutral pion-decay and processed by electromagnetic cascades under the stellar photon field. Results: We show that the secondary emission can dominate the spectral energy distribution at low energies (~1 MeV). At high energies, the production spectrum can be significantly distorted by the effect of electromagnetic cascades. These effects are phase-dependent, and some variability modulated by the orbital period is predicted.
Hadronic high-energy gamma-ray emission from the microquasar LS I $+61 303$
提出了微类星体LS I $+61 303$中γ射线产生的强子模型。这个系统是由一颗中子星从Be主星密集而缓慢的赤道风中吸积物质而形成的。我们计算的伽马射线发射起源于$pp$之间的相对论质子喷流和冷质子风的相互作用。考虑到不透明度对不同光子场引入的伽马射线的影响后，我们提出了可以用新一代切伦科夫望远镜MAGIC进行测试的高能光谱预测。
Theoretical overview on high-energy emission in microquasars
微类星体喷流是粒子加速和同步辐射的场所。这种同步辐射已经被探测到来自不同空间尺度的喷流区域，对于现在工作的仪器来说，这些喷流区域看起来像是紧凑的射电核心，稍微分辨的射电喷流，或者（非常）扩展的结构。由于相对论粒子和密集的光子，磁场和物质场的存在，这些外流也是产生来自其中两个物体LS 5039和LS I +61 303的甚高能量（VHE）伽马射线的最佳候选者，并且可能对MQ核心发射的X射线做出重大贡献。此外，除了电磁辐射外，不同尺度的喷流还产生了一定量的轻子和强子宇宙射线（CR），这些天体中可能存在中微子产生的证据。能够产生大量不同波长的发射的喷流区域已经减少到喷流底部，喷流的尺度为系统轨道半长轴的大小，喷流中间尺度（解析的射电喷流）和喷流终止点。喷流的周围环境也可能是多波长发射的场所，也值得深入了解。我们专注于这些情况下，无论是强子或轻子，它似乎更合理的产生光子从无线电VHE和高能中微子。我们简要地评论以及MQ的相关性，可能的贡献者银河CR在GeV-PeV范围。
